我国区域软科学论文产出的学科结构多样性与相对优势研究--基于2011-2020年软科学研究计划项目

Research on Disciplinary Structure Diversity and Relative Advantage of Regional Soft Science Papers in China:Based on Soft Science Research Projects from 2011 to 2020

[目的/意义]从省市区域层面,对比分析我国区域软科学及其细分学科的结构多样性与相对优势,为软科学研究计划项目的宏观管理与软科学发展提供理论支持。[方法/过程]以2011—2020年间,我国31省市自治区“软科学研究计划项目”论文产出数据为样本,七个行政区域为分析单元,引入“多样性”概念,运用学科类别总计(NS)、香农信息熵(SH)和Pielou均匀度指数,从丰富性、均衡性以及相对多样性等维度分析学科的多样性;借鉴显性比较优势指数(RCA),兼顾论文数量与质量,构建二维坐标,组合分析学科综合相对优势。[结果/结论]我国软科学研究计划项目论文成果表现为“重经济、轻思想、缺军工航天”;各区域学科综合相对优势基本呈现“中心聚集、两极分散”的特点,华北与西南地区存在数量与质量强优势不匹配现象;各区域学科结构多样性、综合相对优势存在高低差异。

[Purpose/significance]From provincial and civic region level,the structure diversity and relative advantages of regional soft science and its sub-disciplines in China are compared and analyzed,providing theoretical support for macro management of soft science research projects and the development of soft science.[Method/process]Taking paper output data of“soft science research project”in 31 provinces and autonomous regions of China from 2011 to 2020 as sample,seven administrative regions as analysis units,this paper introduces concept of“diversity”,and uses discipline category total(NS),Shannon information entropy(SH)and Pielou evenness index to analyze diversity of disciplines from dimensions of richness,balance and relative diversity.Drawing on dominant comparative advantage index(RCA),taking into account the number and quality of papers,two-dimensional coordinates are constructed to analyze disciplines’comprehensive relative advantage.[Result/conclusion]China’s soft science research project paper results are“emphasizing economy,neglecting ideology and lacking military aerospace”.The comprehensive relative advantages of regional disciplines basically show the characteristic of“central aggregation and bipolar dispersion”,and there is a mismatch between strong advantages of quantity and quality in North China and Southwest China.There are high and low differences in structure diversity and comprehensive relative advantages of disciplines in different regions.