珠三角与粤东西北地区乡村振兴的调查与启示

Investigation and Enlightenment of Rural Revitalization in the Pearl River Delta and Eastern and Northwestern of Guangdong Province

区域发展不平衡是广东省实施乡村振兴面临的首要问题。采用实地调研和问卷调查的方法,分别对珠三角和粤东西北地区进行抽样调查,了解二者乡村振兴的基础条件和发展需求、建设进度和成效等方面的差异性。结果发现:珠三角与粤东西北地区乡村振兴的条件和路径存在差异是普遍共识,且乡村振兴的基础相距甚远,珠三角地区实现乡村振兴的信心也高于粤东西北地区;在发展需求方面,产业发展是共性需求,但存在具体差异,珠三角地区产业发展对于土地政策的需求和高新技术人才、跨界综合人才的需求更为迫切,而粤东西北地区对于资金、基础设施和实用人才的需求更为迫切;在民生方面,珠三角地区对高品质医疗的需求更为迫切,而粤东西北地区对于教育和社会风气的提升需求则更为迫切。基于上述调查结果,建议广东在实施乡村振兴时应充分考虑区域化差异需求因地施策,优化区域产业布局,重视教育和人才培养,提升乡村社会治理水平。

The imbalance of regional development is the primary problem facing the implementation of rural revitalization in Guangdong province.In present study,the field investigation and questionnaire survey methods were used to survey on the Pearl River Delta and the east and northwest of Guangdong,in order to find the differences between the basic conditions and development needs,construction progress and effectiveness of rural revitalization.The results showed that it was a general consensus that there were differences between the conditions and paths of rural revitalization of the Pearl River Delta and the east and northwest of Guangdong,and the basis of rural revitalization was far away.The confidence of rural revitalization in the Pearl River Delta was also higher than that in the east and northwest of Guangdong.In terms of development demand,industrial development was a common demand,but there were specific differences.In the Pearl River Delta,the demand for land policy,high-tech talents and cross-border comprehensive talents in the industrial development was more urgent,while in the east and northwest of Guangdong,the demand for capital,infrastructure and practical talents is more urgent.In terms of people's livelihood,the demand for high-quality medical care was more urgent in the Pearl River Delta,while the demand for the improvement of education and social atmosphere was more urgent in eastern and northwestern Guangdong.Therefore,it is suggested to fully consider the needs of regional differences,implement policies according to local conditions,optimize regional industrial layout,pay attention to education and talent training and improve the level of rural social governance.