东北野猪受选择基因筛选与分析

Screening and analysis of selection related genes in Northeast wild boars

为了研究东北野猪受选择基因情况,试验对4头东北野猪基因组进行了重测序,采用滑窗法、基因功能和信号通路富集分析等方法筛选4头东北野猪基因组中的受选择基因,并对其功能和参与信号通路进行了富集分析。结果表明:东北野猪基因组中大约有29.81 Mb的区间受到了选择,涉及到411个基因,其中279个基因有功能注释;γ-氨基丁酸受体1(gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor 1,GABAR1)基因、硫氧还蛋白2(thioredoxin 2)基因、激素肽3(tachykinin 3)基因、5-羟色胺受体(5-hydroxytryptamine receptor)基因与神经系统有关,干扰素-欧米伽2(interferon-omega-2)基因、钙调素6(calmodulin like 6)基因与免疫相关,鱼精蛋白1(protamine 1)基因与雄性生殖相关;279个受选择基因作为细胞组分主要与突触后膜、突触膜、突触后成分细胞连接、神经元投射、质膜区有关,具有中链脂肪酸辅酶A连接酶活性、γ-氨基丁酸受体活性、形成碳氧键连接酶活性、神经递质受体活性、突触后神经递质受体活性、钙依赖性磷脂结合等分子功能,参与了多巴胺分泌、多巴胺分泌调节、药物反应等生物学过程;受选择基因在分子功能方面富集不显著[错误发现率(FDR)>0.05]),在生物学过程和细胞定位方面均显著富集(FDR≤0.05);受选择基因在KEGG、Rectome、Wiki数据库的信号通路中均不能显著富集(FDR>0.05),在3个数据库的信号通路中都涉及到了γ-氨基丁酸受体信号途径,在KEGG通路和Wiki通路中都出现了铁死亡途径。说明东北野猪与神经系统、免疫系统相关基因受到了选择。

In order to study the selected genes of Northeast wild boars, the genomes of four Northeast wild boars were resequenced. The selected genes enrichment of resequenced data from four Northeast wild boars were screened and enriched by sliding window method and gene function enrichment analysis. The results showed that about 29.81 Mb of the Northeast wild boar genome was selected, involving 411 genes, among them 279 genes had functional annotation, and GABAR 1, thioredoxin 2, tachykinin 3 and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor genes were related to nervous system, interferon-omega-2 gene and calmodulin like 6 genes was related to immunity, and protamine 1 gene was related to male reproduction, etc. 279 selected genes as cell components were mainly related to postsynaptic membrane, synaptic membrane, postsynapse, cell connection, neuronal projection and plasma membrane region.They have medium chain fatty acid coenzyme A ligase activity and other molecular functions, γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor activity, carbon oxygen bond forming ligase activity, neurotransmitter receptor activity, calcium dependent phospholipid binding, and were also involved in the dopamine secretion and regulation of response to drug. There was no significant difference in the enrichment of selected genes in molecular function(FDR>0.05), but there was significant difference in biological process and cell localization(FDR≤0.05).The selected genes enriched in KEGG, Rectome and Wiki pathways were not significantly different(FDR>0.05). The three pathways were involved in γ-aminobutyric acid receptor signal pathway, and iron death pathway appeared in both the KEGG pathway and Wiki pathway. The results indicated that the genes related to the nervous system and immune system in Northeast wild boar were selected.