区块链技术在发展普惠金融中的应用研究——基于政银担企金融生态圈的再造

Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in the Development of Inclusive Finance——Based on the Reconstruction of the Financial Ecosystem of the Government,Banks and Enterprises

基于着力解决小微企业融资难问题,经过多年努力,我国已经构建了以政府财政贴息或奖励、注资或成立担保公司,商业银行承办贷款,小微企业承接贷款的政银担企金融生态圈。但从实际运行情况看仍有很多不足,或者担保公司代偿率过高,或者小微企业仍然无法获得担保机构的担保等,其原因在于政银担企间缺少信息互通、行为互制的管理机制。区块链技术作为新一代数字技术重要手段,具有去中心化、不可篡改、可溯源、智能合约等多种功能,可以区块链技术为底层技术,以小微企业数字化为起点,构建政银担企间信息共享、行为共约的新的政银担企金融生态圈,从根本上解决小微企业应融尽融问题。同时,将商业银行和担保公司的风险降低到最低限度,促进政银担企金融生态圈的健康发展。

Based on efforts to solve the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises,after years of efforts,China has built a financial ecosystem with government financial subsidies or incentives,capital injection or the establishment of guarantee companies,commercial banks to undertake loans,small and micro enterprises to undertake loans of government,banking and security enterprises.However,from the actual operation of the situation there are still many shortcomings,or the guarantee company payback rate is too high,or small and micro enterprises are still unable to obtain the guarantee institutions,the reason for this is the lack of information interoperability between the government,bank and guarantee enterprises,the behavior of mutual system management mechanism.Blockchain technology,as a new generation of digital technology,has various functions such as decentralization,non-tampering,traceability and smart contract,etc.Blockchain technology can be used as the underlying technology to build a new government,bank,guarantee and enterprise financial ecosystem with information sharing and common contract between government,bank,guarantee and enterprise,starting from the digitization of small and micro enterprises,which is to fundamentally solve the problem that small and micro enterprises should be financed as much as possible.At the same time,it should reduce the risks of commercial banks and guarantee companies to a minimum,and promote the healthy development of the financial ecosystem of government,bank and guarantee enterprises.