清代四译馆考

A Preliminary Study on Si-Yi-Guan in Qing Dynasty

顺治元年(1644年),清代四译馆设立。尽管作为朝贡译学机构的清代四译馆具有较为规范的管理制度,但其实际运作情况却明显不同于前代。乾隆十三年(1748年),清代四译馆被合并于礼部会同馆,实际上已被裁撤,这和其未能满足清初翻译学人才实际需要及朝贡翻译职能萎缩有极大关系。清代四译馆存续105年,其发展历程映射了中国古代朝贡体系在清代的盛极转衰。

In the first year of Shunzhi(1644),the Si-Yi-Guan in Qing Dynasty was established.Although the Si-Yi-Guan in Qing Dynasty had a relatively standard management system,its actual operation was obviously different from that of the previous dynasties.The Si-Yi-Guan in Qing Dynasty was abolished in the Thirteenth years of Qianlong(1748),which was very related to the failure of the agency to meet the actual needs of early Qing translation studies and the shrinking of tributary translation functions.The Si-Yi-Guan in Qing Dynasty lasted only 105 years,but it was of great historical significance.Its development reflected the rise and fall of ancient Tributary System in Qing Dynasty.