疫情防控刑事政策的机能研究

Study on the Function of Criminal Policies for Epidemic Prevention and Control

刑事政策理念自提出以来,已经历了两百多年的理论内涵发展。从最初费尔巴哈的以法律威吓为中心到李斯特的以犯罪防止为目的,再到如今以应对化解社会风险为目的,刑事政策化解社会风险的价值逐步彰显。我国也在实践中逐步确立了当前的刑事政策制度,尤其是在当前疫情防控的背景下,刑事政策的灵活性和解决问题的价值性是实用且必要的。在厘清刑法教义学与刑事政策关系的基础上,对疫情防控中刑事政策与刑法的互动机能、刑事政策的风险防控机能以及刑事政策的法益界定机能进行分析,以更好地理解刑事政策内涵和功能导向价值属性,使刑事政策在不同层面实现应有价值。

Since the concept of criminal policies was proposed,it has undergone theoretical connotation development more than 200 years.From at first Feuerbach's focus on legal intimidation as the center to Lister's crime prevention as the purpose,and then to today's aim to cope with and resolve social risks,its value of resolving social risks has gradually emerged.China has also gradually established the current criminal policy system in practice,especially in the context of the current epidemic prevention and control.The flexibility in criminal policies and the valuableness in solving problems are practical and necessary.On the basis of clarifying the relationship between criminal law doctrine and criminal policies,the interaction function of criminal policies and criminal law,and the risk prevention function of criminal policies and the legal interests definition function of criminal policies are further analyzed so as to better understand the connotation of criminal policy itself and its function-oriented value attributes,so that criminal policies can realize its proper value at different levels.