饮食干预法对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖指标及新生儿的影响

Effects of Dietary Intervention on Blood Glucose Indexes of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Neonates

目的探讨在妊娠期糖尿病孕妇中实施饮食干预法对其血糖以及新生儿的影响。方法选取该院2020年3月—2021年3月期间收治的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇60例,随机分为研究组与对照组,各30例。入组孕妇均接受常规干预,研究组同时实施饮食干预。对两组孕妇血糖改善程度进行评估,并对妊娠结局及新生儿情况进行统计。结果研究组空腹血糖、产后2 h血糖以及糖化血红蛋白较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿Apgar评分、新生儿体质量明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.048、2.134,P<0.05)。研究组新生儿低血糖、低体重儿发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.320、4.630,P<0.05)。结论饮食干预法能有效稳定妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖指标,积极预防新生儿低血糖、巨大儿等发生,保证新生儿健康成长。

Objective To discuss the effect of dietary intervention on blood glucose and neonates in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods 60 pregnant women with gestational diabetes treated in the hospital from March 2020 to March 2021 were randomly divided into study group and control group,with 30 cases in each group.All pregnant women received routine intervention,and the study group received dietary intervention at the same time.The improvement of blood glucose in the two groups of pregnant women was evaluated,and the pregnancy outcome and neonatal situation were counted.Results Fasting blood glucose,postpartum 2 h blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The Apgar score and body weight of newborns in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.048,2.134,P<0.05).The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia and low body mass in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.320,4.630,P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary intervention method can effectively stabilize the blood glucose index of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,actively prevent the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia,and ensure the healthy growth of neonates.