微塑料和氟磺胺草醚及其复合污染物对玉米幼苗生长的影响

Effects of microplastics,fomesafen and their combination on the growth of maize seedlings

选取玉米为研究对象,探究微塑料聚氯乙烯(PVC)和氟磺胺草醚单一污染及其复合污染对玉米幼苗生长特性的影响。结果表明,单一PVC处理组中,低浓度PVC(540 mg/kg)对玉米幼苗的株高和根长无显著影响;中浓度PVC(1620、2700 mg/kg)处理组的玉米株高和根长与对照组相比显著降低;高浓度PVC(5400 mg/kg)处理组的玉米株高和根长与对照组存在极显著差异;单一农药处理组中,玉米株高和根长随着氟磺胺草醚浓度的升高而显著降低;复合污染组中,PVC和氟磺胺草醚的复合效应对玉米幼苗生长的抑制表现为协同作用,与单一污染物胁迫相比,复合组对玉米幼苗生长抑制效果更大。在试验浓度范围内,单一PVC对玉米叶绿素a含量无显著影响,单一氟磺胺草醚会显著降低叶绿素含量,复合污染组对玉米叶绿素的含量的影响与单一农药组相比无显著性差异。该结果可为田间地膜的生态风险评估及合理使用提供参考。

In this study,maize was selected as the research object to explore the effects of single pollution and combined pollution of polyvinyl chloride microplastic(PVC)and fluorosulfen on the growth characteristics of maize seedlings.The results showed that,in the single PVC treatment group,the low concentration of PVC(540 mg/kg)had no significant effect on the plant height and root length of maize seedlings;but the plant height and root length of maize seedlings treated with middle concentration PVC(1620、2700 mg/kg)were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the plant height and root length of maize seedlings treated with high con⁃centration PVC(5400 mg/kg)were significantly different from those of the control group.In the single treatment exposure group,the plant height and root length of maize decreased significantly with the increase of fomesafen concentration.In the combined pollution group,compared with the single pollutant stress,the combined effect of PVC and fomesafen on the growth of maize seedlings showed a synergistic effect,and the combined group had a greater inhibitory effect on the growth of maize seedlings.Single PVC had no signifi⁃cant effect on the chlorophyll a content of maize in the experimental concentration range,but single fomesafen could significantly re⁃duce the chlorophyll content.There was no significant difference in corn chlorophyll content between the combined pollution group and the single pesticide group.The results can provide a reference for ecological risk assessment and rational use of plastic film in the field.