日本精神病院建设的发展与研究沿革

Research Evolution and Development of Mental Health Facilities in Japan

精神疾病作为心灵治疗的场所至今经历了300余年的历史,随着科技与文明的发展,社会对于精神病院的策划与设计提出了更高的要求。随着第一部《精神卫生法》的颁布,我国迎来了精神卫生设施建设的新发展机遇。有效地利用现有的资源与经验,更好地推进我国精神卫生设施的研究与建设,总结分析与我国国情接近的国家与地区的精神卫生设施的发展经验与过程就成为必须的工作。该文从精神卫生设施策划与研究的视角出发,对日本精神卫生设施相关的治疗、法律、建设、理论研究的发展历程进行整理,总结其发展规律,对其中的问题进行分析与总结。结合现阶段精神病治疗理念与我国国情进行论证,为今后精神卫生设施的发展建设提供有效依据。

As a place for spiritual therapy,mental hospital has experienced more than 300 years of history.With the development of science and technology and civilization,the society has put forward higher requirements for the planning and design of mental hospital.With the promulgation of the first Mental Health Act in 2013,China has ushered in new opportunities for the construction and development of mental health facilities.What must be accomplished first is how to effectively use the existing resources and experience to better and faster promote the research and construction of mental health facilities in China,as well as summarize and analyze the development experience and process of mental health facilities in countries and regions close to China's national conditions.From the perspective of mental health facility planning,reviewing the development of treatment,law,construction and theoretical research related to mental health facilities in Japan,we analyze and summarize the problems,and demonstrate the development of treatment concepts at the present stage and China's national conditions,so as to provide an effective basis for the development and construction of mental health facilities in the future.