农村“时间银行”互助养老模式本土化发展研究

Research on the localization development of the rural “time bank” mutual aid pension model

为破解农村严峻的养老问题,聚焦于“时间银行”互助养老模式,探析“时间银行”理论基础及国外发展的成功经验,对比分析国内实践存在的诸多问题。结果表明,中西思想文化不同、社会环境差异导致组织基础缺失,是“时间银行”本土化问题产生的重要原因。结合中国农村实际情况,农村“时间银行”具有可依托的宗族组织、相契合的“人情互助观”及更广泛的互助群体等优势,提出以存取筹资、服务运行和监督管理为3大支柱,构建农村“宗族-时间银行”互助养老本土化发展模式。

In order to solve the serious pension problems in rural areas,this study focused on the“time bank”mutual aid pension model,analyzed the theoretical basis of“time bank”and the successful experience of foreign development,and compared and analyzed many problems existing in domestic practice. The results show that the difference between Chinese and Western ideological culture and social environment leads to the lack of organizational foundation,which is an important reason for the localization of“time bank”. Combined with the actual situation in China’s rural areas,rural“time bank”has the advantages of relying on clan organizations,consistent“concept of human mutual assistance”and broader mutual assistance groups. It is proposed to build a localization development model of rural“clan time bank”mutual pension with three pillars of deposit and withdrawal financing,service operation and supervision and management.