民国以来中国家庭、家户和家研究状况回顾与思考

Review and Thinking on the Research of Family,Household and Home in China since the Republic of China

20世纪30年代前后,学者对家庭、家户的定义虽不够规范,却将其基本特征揭示出来。然而对家的定义及其成员范围的界定则比较少。当代家庭研究存在将家庭、家户和家三者及其成员范围混合分析的不足。应将家庭、家户和家进行兼顾性研究,既重视以生活单位、居住单位为基础的家庭、家户,又关注传统社会基于男系血缘关系亲疏所形成的家组织和以直系代际关系为纽带而形成的当代直系组家庭组织,借以提升对历史时期和当代家庭形态、亲属关系的分析水平。

Although the scholars didn’t define family and household normatively,they revealed the basic characteristics of family and household around the 1930 s.However,the definition of home and the scope of its members were less discussed.In contemporary research of family,family,household and home are often mixed together.The author puts forward the idea of giving consideration to family,household and home.It is necessary to pay attention to family and household based on the living unit and dwelling unit on the one hand,and to the home organization based on the male blood relationship and the contemporary lineal home organization formed by the lineal intergenerational relationship on the other hand,so as to promote the analysis level of historical and the contemporary family and kinship.