生物多样性与食物系统转型展望

Biodiversity and Food System Transition Outlook

生物多样性对食物系统至关重要,而当前食物系统的运作模式加剧了生物多样性的丧失。在剖析当前全球生物多样性丧失趋势的基础上,本文以生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台(IPBES)提出的生物多样性丧失的五大驱动因素为框架,系统地梳理了食物系统威胁生物多样性的原因,并提出更深层次的原因是食物系统的各利益相关方并未将自然的价值纳入考虑,各方缺乏共同目标,且缺少凝聚各方行动的动力与合作机制。因此,本文结合联合国可持续发展议程、全球食物系统和生物多样性治理进展,提出食物系统的自然受益型转型目标和12个行动方向,以期支持政府、行业、企业等各方形成共识,并加快制定相关政策或战略。最后,本文从政策、资金和技术3个层面阐述食物系统转型的要点及机遇,倡议各方联合起来积极行动、抓住时机,实现食物系统变革。

Biodiversity is vital to the well-functioning of the food system while the reality is that the current food sys-tem is exacerbating biodiversity loss.Based on understanding the global trends in biodiversity loss,this study is dedic-ated to systematically elaborating on the negative impact of the food system on biodiversity by linking the food sys-tem and the five direct drivers of biodiversity loss identified by IPBES.This study argued that the underlying cause for the threat posed by the current food system to biodiversity was the absence of common goals among stakeholders and the lack of incentives and mechanisms to bring them together.In this regard,after a thorough examination of the glob-al agenda on sustainable development,food system,and biodiversity governance,this study proposed the nature-posit-ive transition goal and 12 action directions for food system transition.They were put forward in the hope of building consensus among governments,industries,businesses,and other sectors,and accelerating the making of relevant policies or strategies onwards.Finally,it was demonstrated that inputs of policy,funds,and technology were indis-pensable elements for every successful transition of the food system.In this way,this study summarized key points and opportunities for each element and advocates that all stakeholders should take actions timely and jointly to em-brace a nature-positive food system.