从“评建分离”到“以评促建”:有用的学科评价应实现四个转变

From"Separation of Evaluation and Construction"to"Promoting Construction by Evaluation":Four Transformations to Realize Useful Discipline Evaluation

现行的学科评价与学科建设之间存在“体用分离”“评建分离”问题,导致大学学科建设中出现许多非理性行为,如大学学科建设的主体能动性式微、建设指标化倾向日益严重、行政管理与学术管理制度性同构等问题。好的、有用的学科评价应当是能够“体用结合”并促进学科知识生产能力的评价,唯有在评价主体上实现从“闭环管理”到“开放管理”的转变,从评价目标上实现从“工具理性”到“价值理性”的转变,从评价内容上实现从“学术评价”到“综合评价”的转变,从评价过程上实现从“静态评价”到“动静结合评价”的转变,方能实现“以评促建”的目的。

The problems of"separation of organization and function"and"separation of evaluation and construction"exist in the current discipline evaluation and discipline construction,which leads to many irrational behaviors in university discipline construction,such as the decline of the subject initiative of university discipline construction,the increasingly serious tendency of construction indexation,and the institutional isomorphism of administrative management and academic management.A good and useful discipline evaluation should be an evaluation that can"combine organization with application"and promote the production capacity of discipline knowledge.Only by realizing the transformation from"closed-loop management"to"open management"in terms of construction subject,from"instrumental rationality"to"value rationality"in terms of evaluation objective,from"academic evaluation"to"comprehensive evaluation"in terms of evaluation content,and from"static evaluation"to"combination of dynamic and static"in the evaluation process can the purpose of"promoting construction by evaluation"be realized.