鲁迅与陈寅恪文学史研究方法比较

Comparison of Research Methods of LU Xun and CHEN Yin-que in Literature History

在20世纪中国学术史上,鲁迅与陈寅恪均占有重要地位。鲁迅与陈寅恪的文学史研究方法既有共性又有不同,共性是都立足于史部之外的诗文、读书札记、野史笔记等文献进行研究;不同之处在于,鲁迅是文学家,提倡新文化运动,开创了小说史研究先河,其研究方法立足于史识,借助学科交叉法、归纳法,关注人性及国民精神;而陈寅恪是史学家,其立足于“诗史互证”,主张把诗歌里的历史碎片打通、串联,以证明时代之关系,主张不同文体之间进行比较,晚年也有与西方妇女史相交叉的印迹,主张心史。两人的研究方法相得益彰,丰富了文学史研究。

Both LU Xun and CHEN Yin-que played important roles in the 20th century of Chinese academic history.LU Xun’s and CHEN Yin-que’s research methods of literature history have both similarities and differences.The commonness is that they are based on poetry,reading notes,unofficial history notes and other documents outside the history department;The difference lies in that LU Xun is a litterateur,advocating the new culture movement and creating a precedent for the study of the history of novels.His research method is based on historical knowledge,and pays attention to human nature and national spirit with the help of interdisciplinary and inductive methods.CHEN Yin-que is a historian.His research method is based on mutual evidence between poetry and history.He advocated that the historical fragments in poetry should be connected and connected to prove the relationship between the times,and that different styles should be compared.In his later years,he also had the impression of crossing with the history of western women,and advocated the history of mind.Their research methods complemented each other and enriched the study of literary history.