我国3~12岁儿童家长食品安全知识现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Food Safety Knowledge and Its Influencing Factors Among Parents of Children Aged 3-12 yr in Seven Cities

了解我国儿童家长的家庭食品安全知识知晓情况及其影响因素,对开展精准食品安全宣教,减少家庭食源性疾病具有积极意义。本研究在7个城市的13923名3~12岁儿童家长中开展问卷调查,收集基本信息、家庭食品安全知识知晓情况及需求。家长家庭食品安全知识平均得分为18.6分(总分29分),及格率为68.7%。易错知识点包括熟食室温存储时间、食品保质期、易引起中毒的食物以及食品贮存环境等。多因素logistics回归分析显示:家长家庭食品安全知识及格率受地区、文化程度、职业、家长类型、是否关注食品安全、孩子是否讲过食品安全知识以及是否阅读孩子带回来资料的影响。家长最关心的前三位内容为滥用食品添加剂(84.9%)、卫生状况不合格(82.9%)、农药/药物残留(82.7%)。受家长信任的信息来源主要为电视/广播/广告(76.1%)、书籍/报纸/期刊(70.4%)、微博/微信等新媒体(57.7%)。家长的家庭食品安全知识仍存在短板,需利用传统媒体和新媒体结合的方式以及小手牵大手形式开展精准专题宣传,并特别关注文化程度低,从事食品行业的家长以及孩子父亲和保姆。

Understanding the awareness of family food safety knowledge of children's parents in China and its influencing factors is of positive significance to carry out accurate food safety education and reduce family foodborne diseases.Therefore,this study conducted a questionnaire survey among 13923 parents of children aged 3-12 in 7 cities to collect basic information,household food safety knowledge and needs.The average score of parents on family food safety knowledge was 18.6 points(out of 29 points),and the pass rate was 68.7%.The main mistakes included food storage and food poisoning.Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the pass rate of parents'family food safety knowledge was affected by region,education level,occupation,relations with children,paying attention to food safety or not,getting related information from their child or not.The top three contents that parents were concerned about were abuse of food additives(84.9%),poor hygiene(82.9%)and pesticide/drug residues(82.7%).The main sources of information trusted by parents were TV/radio/advertisement(76.1%),books/newspapers/periodicals(70.4%),weibo/wechat and other new media(57.7%).The level of parents on family food safety is low.It is necessary to carry out dissemination through the combination of traditional media and new media and the form of small hands holding big hands,and pay special attention to parents with low education level and engaged in the food industry,as well as children's fathers and nannies.