“孤愤”:在理性与理想之间——论先秦法家思想的两极

“Lone Indignation”: Between Reason and Ideal——On the two polarities of Pre-Qin legalist thought

先秦法家人物的思想存在着理性和理想之间的张力:基于实用功利的导向,表现出强烈的理性精神,并设计出针对性和操作性极强的理论体系;但同时,却也使其在诸如人性论、历史观等深刻命题的认识上缺乏全面考量,表现出“片面的深刻”,具有知识分子特有的理想主义气质。这也是他们陷于“孤愤”境遇的内在原因之一。

There is a tension between the rational and the ideal in the thought of pre-Qin legalists.Based on the practical and utilitarian orientation, it shows a strong rational spirit and designs a highly targeted and operational theoretical system. However, at the same time, it also lacks comprehensive consideration in the understanding of profound propositions such as human nature and the concept of history, showing a“one-sided profundity”, which has the idealistic temperament characteristic of intellectuals. This is also one of the reasons why they were trapped in a situation of“lone indignation”.