从用典角度看唐代诗人对孔门弟子的接受

The Acceptance of Confucian Disciples by the Tang Dynasty Poets from the Perspective of Allusions

作为一位伟大的教育家,孔子门下有约三千弟子。从用典的角度看,唐代诗人对孔门弟子中的颜回、曾子、仲由、原宪四人的接受最为集中和深刻。对颜回的接受主要体现在箪瓢陋巷、回夭折、桓山禽和拾尘等典故上;对曾子的接受主要体现在曾子之孝、“曾参杀人”或“投杼”、三省、宿草和易箦等典故上;对仲由的接受主要体现在负米、由之瑟、仲由缨和蒲密等典故上;对原宪的接受主要集中在“原宪贫”这一典故上。这些接受对唐代诗人的人格精神、心理结构、性格气质、审美趣味及创作风格的形成都起到了重要作用。

As a great educator, Confucius had about three thousand disciples under his tutelage.From the perspective of allusions, the Tang Dynasty poets’ acceptance of Yan Hui, Zeng Zi, Zhong You and Yuan Xian, four of the disciples of Confucius, is the most concentrated and profound. The acceptance of Yan Hui is mainly reflected in such allusions as the allusion to Danpiaolouxiang, Huiyaozhe,Hengshanqin and Shichen;the acceptance of Zeng Zi is mainly reflected in such allusions as the filial piety of Zeng Zi,“Zengshensharen”or“Touzhu”, Sanxin, Sucao and Yize. The acceptance of Zhong You is mainly reflected in the allusions to Fumi, Youzhise, Zhongyouying and Pumi. The acceptance of Yuan Xian is mainly focused on the allusion to“Yuan Xian’s poverty”. These recognitions played an important role in the formation of the personality and spirit, psychological structure, character, aesthetic taste and creative style of the Tang Dynasty poets.