民族旅游村寨社会整合内生动力研究——以贵州肇兴侗寨为例

Study on the Endogenous Power of Social Integration in Ethnic Tourism Villages——A Case Study of Zhaoxing Dong Village in Guizhou Province

旅游业加速了民族村寨社会分化,社会分化导致的关系重构、阶层矛盾、文化冲突等问题影响村寨可持续发展,对村寨社会加以整合尤为必要。文章以肇兴侗寨为案例,基于深度访谈获取的第一手资料,采用文本分析法研究民族旅游村寨居民关注的焦点问题,从中提炼能够促进社会整合的内生动力。研究发现,以权力、经济与文化为主体的资本动力构成民族旅游村寨社会整合的基本动力,以法律法规和村规民约为主体构建的组织规则形成硬性整合动力,集体仪式则从软性整合角度潜在影响着村民团结,长期以来共同生活形成的社区情感以居民能够普遍接受的形式粘合社会群体。资本、组织、规则、情感四要素构成了民族旅游村寨社会整合的内在动力,可在社区整合、矛盾调和、制度推行等方面发挥较强的影响作用。

Tourism accelerates the social differentiation of ethnic villages.The relationship reconstruction,class contradiction and cultural conflict caused by social differentiation affect the sustainable development of villages.Therefore,it is particularly necessary to integrate village society.Taking Zhaoxing Dong Village as an example and based on first-hand information obtained from in-depth interviews,this paper adopts text analysis to study the focus issues of residents in ethnic tourism villages,and extracts the endogenous motivation that can promote social integration,which provides theoretical basis and practical support for the management department to formulate the social integration strategy of ethnic tourism village.The study finds that capital,organization,rules and emotions constitute the internal driving force of social integration in ethnic tourism villages,and can play a strong role in community integration,contradiction reconciliation and system implementation.