中共湖北地区乡村早期组织的创建与发展——以乡村人口流动为中心

The Establishment and Development of the Early Rural Organizations of the CPC in Hubei Province:Centered on the Rural Population Flow

中共早期组织虽然主要创建于城市,但是“乡村包围城市”的革命道路却是革命取得胜利的关键。其间,中共早期乡村组织为革命发展提供了源源不断的力量。湖北作为中共早期组织比较活跃的地区,其乡村人口的流动为中共早期组织的创建与发展提供了良好的条件。大量乡村人口入城求学、务工等,他们中的一部分人受到革命思想影响,又回到乡村利用传统社会网络发展组织。这样的传播方式虽使中共早期组织在湖北乡村得到快速发展,但其弊端是组织根基不够稳固。大革命失败后,中共中央派遣大量党员下乡对乡村党组织进行监督、改造,稳固了组织根基,确保了党内思想的同一性,为夺取全国胜利奠定了组织基础。

Although the early organizations of the CPC were founded in the cities,the revolutionary path of“villages surrounding the cities”became the key for the victory of the revolution,during which the early rural Party organizations provided the unceasing strength for the development of the revolution.With Hubei being a relatively active area for the the early Party organizations,the rural population flow there provided a favorable condition for the establishment and development of the early organizations.A large number of rural people went to cities to study,work,etc.,of whom some returned to their villages and used traditional social networks to develop organizations after being influenced by revolutionary idea.This communication mode enabled the early Party organizations to develop rapidly in the rural areas,but it also caused a shaky foundation.After the failure of the Great Revolution,the central committee of the CPC dispatched a large number of Party members to the countryside to supervise and reform the rural Party organizations,which consolidated the foundation of its organizations,ensured the thinking unity within the Party,and laid the organizational foundation for the national victory.