观赏乌桕品种表型多样性分析及综合评价

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Ornamental Triadica sebiferum Varieties

本研究以观赏乌桕(Triadica sebifera)品种的15个表型性状和6个物候特征为测定指标,通过相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和逐步线性回归分析等方法对观赏乌桕品种表型多样性进行分析与综合评价。结果表明:各品种物候期的长短存在明显差异,展叶期和观赏期天数相对集中;15个表型性状均有不同程度的差异。数量性状的变异系数为11.36%~35.42%。数量性状的多样性指数均值(2.04)高于质量性状(0.99)。聚类分析将21份乌桕品种分为3大类,总体上看第Ⅰ类品种秋叶表面颜色为红色;第Ⅱ类品种秋叶表面颜色为紫色;第Ⅲ类品种秋叶表面颜色为黄色。数量性状和物候特征间呈极显著或显著相关性。主成分分析表明7个主成分的累计贡献率达79.71%。结合逐步回归线性分析筛选出叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长、叶柄宽、叶片面积、叶基角、叶片周长、叶形、叶基形态、秋叶表面颜色、叶芽期、展叶期、观赏期等为观赏乌桕种质资源评价的重要指标。

In this study,based on fifteen phenotypic traits and six phenological characteristics of ornamental Triadica sebiferu varieties,the study analyzed and evaluated their phenotypic diversity by using correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and stepwise linear regression analysis.Results showed that the length of phenological period among varieties was significantly different,while the days of leaf-spreading and ornamental period were relatively similar.And 15 phenotypic traits were different among varieties.The variation coefficients of quantitative traits ranged from 11.36%to 35.42%,and the mean diversity index of quantitative traits(2.04)was higher than qualitative traits(0.99).21 Triadica sebiferu varieties were divided into 3 categories.The color of autumn leaves of categoryⅠ~Ⅲwas red,purple and yellow respectively.The correlation between quantitative traits and phenological characteristics was significant.Principal component analysis showed that the total contribution rate of the first seven principal components reached 79.71%.Stepwise regression linear analysis performed that leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,petiole width,leaf area,basic leaf angle,leaf perimeter,leaf shape,leaf bases form,surface color of autumn leaves,leaf bud period,leaf-spreading period and ornamental period were selected as the important indexes for evaluation of ornamental Triadica sebiferu germplasm resources.