甘蓝型油菜种质资源品质鉴定及遗传多样性分析

Quality Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Brassica napus Germplasm Resources

为分析甘蓝型油菜种质资源的品质特性,并对其遗传多样性进行分析评价。本研究对406份甘蓝型油菜连续两年的含油量、蛋白质、硫苷、芥酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸、棕榈酸、脂朊总量11个品质性状进行分布特征、相关性、多样性、主成分及聚类分析。结果表明,406份甘蓝型油菜具有很好的遗传多样性。11个性状变异系数在3.97%~255.72%之间,其中,芥酸变异幅度最大,脂朊总量变异幅度最小;相关性系数大于0.800的性状有含油量与脂朊总量等3组;甘蓝型油菜种质资源品质性状的3个主成分分别为油酸因子、含油量因子和亚麻酸因子,累计贡献率为75.55%;在欧式距离为5处将406份甘蓝型油菜种质分为5类。本研究探明了甘蓝型油菜品质性状特征特性,为下一步油菜杂交育种的亲本选育及基础研究等提供基础依据。

To analyze the quality characteristics and genetic diversity of Brassica napus germplasm resources,the distribution characteristics,correlation analysis,diversity analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis of 11 quality traits including oil content,protein,glucosino,erucic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid,palmitic acid,oil and protein in 406 Brassica napus for two consecutive years were studied.The results showed that 406 Brassica napus cultivars had good genetic diversity.The coefficient of variation of 11 quality traits ranged from 3.97%to 255.72%,among which erucic acid had the largest variation range and total lipid had the smallest variation range.There were three groups of traits with correlation coefficients greater than 0.800,including oil content and total lipid content.The three principal components of quality traits were oleic acid factor,oil content factor and linolenic acid factor,with the cumulative contribution rate of 75.55%.406 Brassica napus germplasm were divided into 5 groups at 5 Euclidean distance.The study proved the characteristics of quality traits,which provided the basis for further breeding and basic research of Brassica napus.