制造业投入服务化的内在动因、典型事实与可行策略

The Internal Motivation,Stylized Facts and Feasible Strategy of Input Servitization of Manufacturing in China

在经济高质量发展和数字化转型背景下,剖析中国制造业服务要素投入的内在动因和发展特征,对于洞悉制造业服务化的现状和机遇,制定精准的服务化发展战略具有重要的意义。本文首先从四个方面剖析中国制造业服务要素投入的内在动因,然后采用投入产出分析法,以完全消耗系数测算制造业投入服务化水平,得出制造业服务化典型特征事实:国内服务要素侧重于投向低技术制造部门,国外服务要素侧重于投向中高技术部门;中国和印度国内服务化水平所占比重较大,而德国和日本国外服务化水平所占比重较大。最后,基于行业异质性特征、打造两业融合共生环境、培植本土生产性服务业和促进服务贸易开放四个角度,提出制造业服务化战略的可行思路和建议。

Under the background of the high-quality economic development and the digital transformation,it is of great strategic significance to analyze the internal motivation and development characteristics of input servitization of manufacturing industry in China,so as to gain insight into the status and opportunities of manufacturing servitization and formulate accurate development strategy of servitization.Firstly,this paper analyzes the internal causes of input servitization of manufacturing industry from four aspects.Secondly,the paper adopts the input-output analysis method to measure the input servitization level based on the complete consumption coefficient,and the typical characteristics of input servitization are obtained:domestic service factors are mainly invested in low-technology manufacturing sector,while foreign service factors are mainly invested in middle-high technology sector.China and India have the largest proportion of domestic servitization,while Germany and Japan have the largest proportion of foreign servitization.Therefore,feasible ideas and suggestions for servitization strategy are put forward from four perspectives:considering the heterogeneity of industries,creating a co-existence environment for the integration of the two industries,cultivating local producer services and promoting the opening up of service trade.