2019年安徽省居民健康素养状况及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status and its influencing factors of health literacy among residents of Anhui Province in 2019

目的 了解安徽省居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为制定健康素养干预策略提供科学依据。方法 采取多阶段整群抽样的方法,使用全国统一的问卷对全省35个县(市、区)15~69岁常住居民开展抽样调查,经第6次人口普查数据加权调整,对健康素养相关内容进行统计分析。结果 2019年安徽省居民健康素养水平为24.83%,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,地区、年龄、文化程度是健康素养的影响因素,以城市居民为参照,农村居民的OR=1.155(95%CI:1.054~1.266);以15~24岁组为参照,25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁居民的OR值分别为1.973、2.336、1.687(95%CI:1.735~2.244、2.036~2.680、1.449~1.965);以不识字或识字很少文化程度者为参照,小学、初中、高中/职高/中专、大专/本科及以上的OR值分别为2.217、7.314、19.137、62.629(95%CI:1.561~3.147、5.295~10.105、13.759~26.619、44.911~87.335)。各类健康素养水平方面,基本知识和理念素养水平为38.82%,较健康生活方式与行为素养水平高14个百分点,6类健康问题素养水平中安全与急救素养最高(59.02%),基本医疗素养和传染病防治素养则最低(22.13%、20.78%)。结论应针对不同人群,开展行之有效的干预措施,鼓励居民广泛参与,促进健康生活方式与行为的建立,实现持续提升居民健康素养水平的目标。

Objective To investigate the status and its influencing factors of health literacy among residents of Anhui Province in 2019,and to provide basis for policy making on developing health literacy intervention strategies. MethodsUsing stratified multistage and PPS sampling method, 15976 permanent residents aged 15-69 years old, from 35 counties(cities and districts),were investigated with questionnaire about health literacy. Results In 2019,the level of health literacy among residents in Anhui Province was 24.83%.Compared with the urban residents as the reference, the rural residents were more likely to have health literacy(OR=1.155,95%CI :1.054-1.266). Compared with the age group 15-24 years old, the OR values of the group 25-34,35-44,45-54 were 1.973,2.336,1.687(95%CI:1.735-2.244,2.036-2.680,1.449-1.965). Compared with the illiteracy/under literacy inhabitant as the reference, the OR valuesof primary school, junior high school, senior high school/secondary specialized school/technical school, college/undergraduate or above were2.217,7.314,19.137,62.629(95%CI:1.561-3.147,5.295-10.105,13.759-26.619,44.911-87.335),respectively.In terms of all classifications of health literacy, the level of basic knowledge and conceptual literacy was 38.82%,14 percentage points higher than the level of healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy.In the six types of health literacy, safety and first aid literacy was the highest(59.02%),basic medical literacy and infectious diseases prevention literacy was the lowest(22.13% and 20.78%). Conclusion Effective intervention measures should been carried out for different groups to encourage extensive participation of residents, promote the establishment of healthy lifestyle and behavior, and achieve the goal of continuously improving the level of health literacy of residents.