我国部分地区妇女“两癌”筛查现状分析

Analysis on the status of the screening for cervical cancer and breast cancer of women in some region of China

目的 分析我国部分地区“两癌”筛查工作实施现状,为筛查工作持续开展提供参考。方法 对“两癌”筛查相关管理人员和专业技术人员开展专题小组讨论,采用NVivo 12 Plus软件并运用主题框架法对收集内容进行编码和分析。结果 组织管理方面,部分地区筛查对象范围逐渐扩大到常住或流动人口,调查的6个县(区)均将“两癌”筛查纳入民生工程,建立分级质量控制体系;资源投入方面,调查的6个县(区)财政均能足额保障筛查经费,并实现信息化管理,但部分地区仍存在资金不足、人员能力较低以及设备不满足需求等问题。服务提供方面,部分地区已逐渐实现常态化管理,重视转诊救治工作,且受访者反映妇女筛查意愿相对提高,但从未筛查妇女仍是筛查难点。结论 政府重视、充足的资金投入是筛查工作持续开展的重要保障;筛查工作常态化、制度化、信息化是实现广筛查的重要手段。今后仍须加强经费保障;提高人员能力;完善信息系统建设;加强健康教育。

Objective To analyze the status of cervical and breast cancer screening service in some region of China and to provide references for implementing screening programs sustainably. Methods Focus-group interviews were conducted among some management personnel and doctors of cervical and breast cancer screening.The interview content was coded and analyzed by thematic framework analysis method in NVivo 12 Plus. Results In governance, the scope of screening targets in some regions have been gradually expanded.The six counties have incorporated the screening program into livelihood projects and established quality control systems.In resource, the six counties can fully guarantee the screening funds and manage the screening information by information system.While the funds of screening and number and capacity of doctors in some areas are insufficient, and the quality of equipment cannot meet the need of screening.In service delivery, cervical and breast cancer screening has become routine work gradually in some areas.The interviewees paid much attention to the follow-up work.And the willingness of women to be screened have become higher.But there were still some women who had never been screened. Conclusion Government attention and adequate funding are important for the sustainability of screening.Normalization, institutionalization and informatization are important means to achieve the target of screening in wide coverage.Funding, personnel capability, construction of information system and health education should be strengthened in the future.