中国淡水养殖业绿色发展评价研究

Evaluation of green development of freshwater aquaculture in China

淡水养殖业是中国渔业的组成部分和水产品供给的重要来源,其绿色发展水平影响着中国渔业绿色发展的总体水平。从资源节约、空间拓展、产品绿色和环境友好4个维度,构建了淡水养殖业绿色发展评价指标体系,并对2019年31个省份的具体情况进行了探索性评估。结果显示,淡水养殖业绿色发展水平较低,31个省份得分均未超过0.6,平均得分0.1934,中位数为0.1519;其中,安徽省得分最高,分值为0.5937;甘肃省得分最低,分值为0.0564;环境友好指标对各省份淡水养殖业绿色发展评价结果的贡献度最高,平均贡献率46.14%;绿色水产品品牌建设重视度低,其中18个省份“产品绿色”指标得分为0,是制约淡水养殖业绿色发展水平的主要因素。探索建立绿色发展评价指标体系,推动形成产业良性循环发展机制,有助于提高淡水养殖业绿色发展水平。

Freshwater aquaculture is an integral part of fishery and an important source of aquatic product supply,and its green development level affects the overall level of fishery green development in China.In the four dimensions of resource conservation,space expansion,green products and environmental friendliness,the green development evaluation indicator system of freshwater aquaculture industry was constructed,and the specific situation of 31 provinces in 2019 was prospectively evaluated.The results showed that the green development level of freshwater aquaculture was low,and the scores of 31 provinces were all below 0.6,the average score was 0.1934,and the median was 0.1519.Among them,Anhui Province scored the highest,with a score of 0.5937;Gansu Province scored the lowest,with a score of 0.0564.The environment-friendly index had the highest contribution to the evaluation results of green development of freshwater aquaculture in all provinces,with an average contribution rate of 46.14%.The importance of green aquatic products brand building was low,and the score of“product green”index in 18 provinces was 0,which was the main factor restricting the green development level of freshwater aquaculture.Exploring the establishment of green development evaluation indicator system and promoting the formation of a virtuous circle of industrial development mechanism will be helpful in improving the green development level of freshwater aquaculture.