上海市淡水养殖现状及发展策略

Development status and strategy of freshwater aquaculture in Shanghai

可持续的水产养殖业对于保障水产品供给、改善民众膳食结构、促进农民增收等方面具有重要意义,城镇化的快速发展和养殖资源的整合,使得上海市淡水养殖水域面积急剧萎缩,养殖产量逐年下降,阻碍了水产养殖业的稳定发展和有效供给。分析了上海市淡水养殖现状和2011—2020年的行业变化趋势,结合发展空间有限、名特优养殖品种占比较低、生产作业方式仍较为传统以及人力资源成本不断增加等上海市淡水养殖业所面临的实际问题,提出了创新养殖模式、调整产业结构,加大科技投入和新特产品开发力度及增强从业人员培训等对策建议。

Sustainable aquaculture plays important roles in ensuring the aquatic products supply,improving the dietary structure and increasing farmers’income.With the rapid development of urbanization and the integration of aquaculture resources,the area of freshwater aquaculture in Shanghai has shrunk sharply,and aquaculture production has declined year by year.These hinders the stable development and effective supply of aquaculture industry.We analyzed the current situation and trend of freshwater aquaculture in Shanghai based on the data from 2011 to 2020.Challenged by problems of limited space,low proportion of high-quality species,low efficiency of traditional operation and the increasing costs of human resource,we presented some development strategies such as,innovating aquaculture models,adjusting industrial structure,increasing scientific and technological investment,promoting new species development and enhancing the training of aquaculture farmers.