首胎婴儿照顾者腹泻病防治健康素养现状及预测腹泻患病风险的价值

Health literacy status of diarrhea prevention and treatment among caregivers of first-born infant and its value in predicting the risk of diarrhea

目的探讨首胎婴儿照顾者的腹泻病防治健康素养现状及预测腹泻患病风险的价值。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取在某医院体检或就诊首胎婴儿的主要照顾者302例,采用自行设计的婴儿腹泻病防治健康素养问卷、电子健康素养量表(eHEALS)及影响因素问卷进行调查,追踪6个月内腹泻病发生情况。结果首胎婴儿照顾者的腹泻病防治健康素养总分为(103.39±7.07)分,得分率为68.93%。多重逐步回归分析显示,婴儿月龄较小的照顾者的健康素养较低(P<0.05),年龄小、女性、职业为企业人员或农民、家庭支持较少、低电子健康素养、未系统参加过护理宣教的照顾者健康素养较低(P<0.05)。随访6个月未出现腹泻组的健康素养得分高于出现腹泻组(t=4.331,P<0.001)。ROC曲线显示健康素养预测腹泻患病风险的AUC为0.721。结论首胎婴儿照顾者的腹泻病防治健康素养处于中等水平,有助于预测腹泻患病风险。

Objective To explore the current situation of health literacy in the prevention and treatment of diarrhea among caregivers of first-born infant and the value of predicting the risk of diarrhea.Methods 302 primary caregivers of first-born infants undergoing physical examination or treatment in a hospital were selected by convenient sampling method.The self-designed infant diarrhea prevention and control health literacy questionnaire,electronic health literacy scale(eHEALS)and influencing factors questionnaire were used for investigation.The incidence of diarrhea at 6 months was followed up.Results The total health literacy of first-born infant caregivers for diarrhea prevention and treatment was(103.39±7.07).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the caregivers with younger months of age had lower health literacy(P<0.05),and the caregivers who were young,female,employed as enterprise personnel or farmers,had less family support,low e-health literacy,and did not systematically participate in nursing education had lower health literacy(P<0.05).The score of health literacy in the group without diarrhea was higher than that in the group with diarrhea for 6 months(t=4.331,P<0.001).The ROC curve showed that the AUC of health literacy predicting the risk of diarrhea was 0.721.Conclusion The health literacy of first-born infant caregivers in diarrhea prevention and treatment is at a medium level,which is helpful to predict the risk of diarrhea.