荷兰研究型大学荣誉教育的探索与经验——以乌得勒支大学为例

Practical Research on Honors Education Carried Out by Research Universities in the Netherlands——Take Utrecht University as an Example

荷兰高校开展的天才教育被誉为“欧洲天才教育的领军者”。本文针对荷兰高等教育体系及其荣誉教育发展做了概述,并以荷兰顶尖的研究型大学——乌得勒支大学为例,从培养目标、选拔机制、课程设置、考核评价四方面梳理了该校荣誉教育开展的实践探索,总结了荷兰研究型大学拔尖创新人才培养机制的经验与启示:规范遴选和录取工作,重视荣誉学生选拔标准和程序的科学性与严谨性;开展多元学科融合教育,为荣誉学生提供额外的高挑战性的教育机会;实施团队式学习,引领荣誉学生基于团队合作走出舒适区并培养协作意识;构建荣誉社区,为荣誉学生在卓越氛围中提供学术和情感支持;集中优势资源,为荣誉学生的优势累积提供坚实的保障和基础。

The honors education carried out by Dutch universities is known as“the leader of honors education in Europe.”The authors provide an overview of the Dutch higher education system and the development of its honors education.The paper takes the top research university in the Netherlands—Utrecht University as an example and analyzes its honors education practices from four aspects:training objectives,selection mechanism,curriculum settings,and assessment and evaluation.Finally,based on the above analysis,the authors summarize the experience and enlightenment of the training mechanism for top-notch innovative talents in Dutch research universities:standardizing the selection and admission work and attaching importance to the scientific and rigorous selection criteria and procedures of honors students;carrying out multi-disciplinary integrated education to provide honors students with additional and challenging educational opportunities;implementing team learning to lead honors students out of their comfort zone based on teamwork and cultivate a sense of collaboration;building an honored community and providing academic and emotional support for honors students in an atmosphere of excellence;and concentrating superior resources to providing a solid guarantee and foundation for the accumulation of advantages of honors students.