镍基高温合金GH4151的偏析及相析出行为

Phase precipitation and segregation behavior of nickel-based superalloy GH4151

利用电子探针(EPMA)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)及差热分析(DTA)研究了GH4151合金的元素偏析行为、铸态组织特征以及析出相种类,并对合金凝固过程进行讨论。结果表明:GH4151合金凝固过程中,W元素偏聚于枝晶干,Mo、Nb、Ti元素偏聚于枝晶间,Co、Cr、Al元素几乎不发生偏析,Nb、Ti元素偏析较重。GH4151铸锭心部为粗大的等轴晶,主要析出相包括强化相γ′相、一次碳化物、η相、(γ+γ′)共晶相以及Laves相,其中枝晶间分布的η相、(γ+γ′)共晶相和Laves相为低温脆性相在凝固末期形成,扩大了合金的凝固区间,从而导致合金热裂敏感性增加。

The element segregation behavior, as-cast microstructure characteristics and precipitation phase types of GH4151 alloy were studied by electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential thermal analysis(DTA), and the solidification process of the alloy was discussed. During the solidification of GH4151 alloy, element W is segregated to the dendrite cores, elements Mo, Nb and Ti are segregated to the interdendritic regions, and elements Co, Cr, Al are not segregated, elements Nb and Ti are biased more heavily. The core of GH4151 ingot is coarse equiaxed grains, whose main precipitated phases include γ′, MC carbide, η phase,(γ+γ′) eutectic phase and Laves phase. At the end of solidification, low temperature brittle phases such as η phase,(γ+γ′) eutectic phase and Laves phase are formed, which enlarge the solidification range and increase the hot cracking sensitivity of the alloy.