基于垂直中继的U型线圈切换系统设计与优化

Design and optimization of U-coil switching system based on vertical relay

与三线圈中继无线电能传输结构相比,两线圈结构具有更高的效率但传输距离较近,而三线圈结构多应用于中远距离无线电能传输,在近距离系统中效率偏低。对于电动汽车底盘距离不一导致充电效率低下的问题,本文给出一种基于垂直中继的U型线圈切换系统,该系统在适合的距离点切换,即在不同传输距离到达最优效率,可以解决间距变化导致效率低下的问题。本文对三线圈电路模型进行分析,对其线圈特性、负载特性和无线电能传输的距离特性进行分析及优化,推导出其效率影响因素,在此基础上进行系统仿真分析。仿真结果表明,与单一两线圈或三线圈结构模型相比,所设计的切换系统在较近和较远距离下无线电能传输效率都提升了58%;与普通三线圈结构相比,该系统无线电能传输效率最高提升了71%。

Compared with the three-coil relay wireless power transmission structure, the two-coil structure has higher efficiency but short distances, while the three-coil structure is mostly used for medium and long-distance wireless power transmission, the efficiency is low in the short-distance system. For electric vehicles with different chassis distances, resulting in low charging efficiency, a U-shaped coil switching system based on vertical relay is presented here. The system switches at a suitable distance point, that is, the optimal efficiency can be reached at different transmission distance, the problem of low efficiency caused by changes in spacing is solved. This paper has analyzed the three-coil circuit model, its coil characteristics, load characteristics and energy transmission distance characteristics are analyzed and optimized, efficiency influence factors have been deduced, and system simulation analysis are performed. The simulation results show that compared with the single two-coil or three-coil structure model, the designed switching system improves the wireless power transfer efficiency by 58% at both near and far distances compared with the two-coil structure, and compared with ordinary three-coil structure, the system has increased to its highest efficiency of 71%.