肿瘤微环境调节型细胞器靶向递药系统的研究进展

Research progress of tumor microenvironmentally regulating organelle targeted drug delivery system

近年来,利用机体免疫系统进行抗肿瘤的免疫疗法受到了广泛关注。然而抑制性肿瘤微环境限制了免疫治疗的效果,因此克服肿瘤微环境及其中的免疫抑制性细胞的作用成为肿瘤免疫疗法的一大热点。纳米制剂具有重新编程免疫抑制性微环境的巨大潜力,为免疫治疗提供了有效策略。随着主动靶向性纳米载体技术的不断发展和对药物作用位点研究的不断深入,具有更精准主动靶向功能的亚细胞器靶向性纳米载体材料也受到越来越多的关注。本文简要介绍了各亚细胞器与肿瘤的关系,概述了基于酸碱性调节、活性氧含量、免疫原性及免疫抑制细胞的肿瘤微环境特点的纳米药物靶向递送系统的设计策略与研究进展,为亚细胞器途径靶向递药系统的构建及其在肿瘤免疫治疗方面的应用提供借鉴和参考。

In recent years,the use of the body’s immune system for anti-tumor immunotherapy has received extensive attention.However,the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)limits the effect of immunotherapy.Therefore,overcoming the limitations of TME and immunosuppressive cells plays an important role in tumor immunotherapy.Nano agents have great potential to reprogram the immunosuppressive microenvironment and provide an effective strategy for immunotherapy.With the continuous development of active targeting nano carrier technology and the deepening of the research on drug action sites,subcellular organ targeting nano carrier materials with more accurate active targeting function have also attracted more and more attention.This review will briefly introduce the relationship between subcellular organelles and tumor,summarize the design strategy and research progress of targeted nano drug delivery system based on the characteristics of acidity,reactive oxygen species(ROS)activity,immunogenicity,and TME of immunosuppressive cells,to provide reference for the construction of subcellular pathway targeted drug delivery system in tumor immunotherapy.