基于弱键诱导的超分子体系探讨甘草和合黄连“性-味-效”物质基础

Study on the substance basis of"property-taste-efficacy"of Liquorice and Rhizoma chinensis based on supramolecular system induced by weak bond

中药复方在煎煮过程中易出现浑浊、沉淀现象已是共识。目前,课题组对“中药汤剂多相态”成因研究发现主要是来自于中药有效成分间相互作用,其中又以酸碱类成分相互作用的研究为主。例如发现甘草-黄连药对煎煮液中含有大量有效成分形成的超分子体系(>30%),且能够在汤剂体系中稳定存在。本研究抽提超分子部位,运用扫描电镜、动态光散射法表征超分子部位的形态,观察到该超分子体系为尺度均一、形貌规则的纳米球;采用液质联用技术(LC-MSn)对超分子部位的主要物质组成甘草酸和黄连素进行了鉴定;综合紫外、红外光谱技术研究表明,甘草-黄连配伍共煎过程中化学成分相互碰撞,分子间弱键作用诱导化学成分重排、聚集形成超分子;进一步通过小鼠腹泻模型、感官评定和抑菌活性评价发现,甘草黄连配伍共煎不仅增强黄连抑菌活性,而且与黄连单煎组和二者间隔给药组相比,配伍显著“和合”黄连“大苦大寒”之性。所有动物实验过程均经过北京中医药大学动物伦理委员会批准,严格遵循北京中医药大学实验动物相关规定。本研究利用超分子化学的研究方法从“药性-药效-药味”三个角度初步探讨了甘草-黄连配伍共煎“增效减毒”的科学内涵,为甘草“和合”配伍物质基础研究提供新思路。

It is a common understanding that turbidity and precipitation of traditional Chinese medicine are easy to occur in the process of decocting.At present,our research group found that the cause of"multi-phase of traditional Chinese medicine decoction"mainly came from the interaction between the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine,especially the interaction of acid and base components.For example,the Liquorice and Rhizoma chinensis was a supramolecular system formed by a large number of active components in the decoction(>30%),and could stably exist in the decoction system.In this study,the supramolecular part was extracted,and the morphology of the supramolecular part was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering.It was observed that the supramolecular particles were uniform in size and regular in shape.The main components of supramolecular sites were identified by liquid mass spectrometry(LC-MSn).The results of UV and IR spectra showed that the chemical components of Liquorice and Rhizoma chinensis in the co-decocting process collided with each other,and weak bonds were formed between the functional groups of the molecules,which then induced the aggregation to form supramolecules.Thereafter,Through the diarrhea model of mice,sensory evaluation and antibacterial activity evaluation found that Liquorice and Rhizoma chinensis decocted together enhanced the antibacterial activity of Rhizoma,and compatibility"reconcile"Rhizoma"big bitter cold"property compared with single decoction group and interval administration group.All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and the relevant regulations of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine on experimental animals were strictly followed.In this study,supramolecular chemistry method was used to preliminarily discuss the scientific connotation of"increasing efficiency and decreasing toxicity"of Liquorice and Rhizoma chinensis combined decoction from three perspectives of"property,efficacy and taste",and provide new ideas for the basic research of"reconcile"compatibility of Liquorice.