河北沧州花生田蛴螬发生动态及影响因素分析

Analysis on the occurrence dynamics and influencing factors of grubs in peanut fields in Cangzhou,Hebei Province

2017—2021年,采用田间调查和室内试验的方法对河北沧州地区花生田蛴螬发生为害情况进行了调查和分析。结果表明,在河北沧州花生田共发现9种金龟类害虫为害,暗黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟、华北大黑鳃金龟发生量占调查总量的95.4%,其中暗黑鳃金龟为优势种。花生生长季内,华北大黑鳃金龟出现时间早、发生期长,铜绿丽金龟发生时期较短且集中,暗黑鳃金龟各龄幼虫出现时间则最晚。3种蛴螬对花生荚果的取食量基本相当。壤土较砂土和黏土更适宜蛴螬生长,榆、杨、柳树混交林周边花生田蛴螬发生量大,秸秆还田的花生田蛴螬发生量显著高于不还田处理。

From 2017 to 2021,field investigation and laboratory experiments were used to investigate and analyze the occurrence and damage of grubs in peanut fields in Cangzhou,Hebei Province.The results showed that nine species of grubs were found in the peanut field of Cangzhou,and the population of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky,Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky,and Holotrichia Oblita Faldermann accounted for 95.4%of the total,and H.parallela was the dominant species.During the peanut growing season,H.Oblita occurred early and had a long occurrence period,while the presence of A.corpulenta was short and concentrated,and the larvae of each instar of H.parallela appeared at the latest.The feeding amount of the three kinds of grubs on peanut pods was about the same.Loam soil was more suitable for grubs growth than sandy soil and clay.The population of grubs in the peanut field around the mixed forest of elm,poplar,and willow was large.The occurrence of grubs in the peanut field with straw returning was significantly higher than that without straw returning.