长期护理保险筹资水平与人口经济的耦合协调关系研究

A Study on the Coupling and Coordination Relation between the Financing Level of Long-term Care Insurance and Population Economy

运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型对山东省和江苏省试点城市的筹资水平与人口结构和经济发展的协调性进行测算,根据各试点城市的参保对象、筹资来源、筹资渠道以及服务形式来看,各试点城市的长期护理保险都具有不同的特点。结果表明:1)青岛处于良好协调阶段,苏州处于中级协调阶段;2)南通、烟台、潍坊的耦合协调度处于(0.6,0.7)区间,为初级协调阶段;3)济南、济宁、泰安、威海、临沂、滨州的耦合协调度处于(0.5,0.59)区间,处于勉强协调阶段;4)淄博、枣庄、日照、德州、菏泽的耦合协调度处于(0.4,0.49)区间,为濒临失调阶段;5)聊城的耦合协调度为0.360,处于轻度失调阶段,存在筹资水平与人口结构、经济发展不相适应的问题。为提高长期护理保险筹资水平,实现制度可持续发展,应推进省级统筹统一、扩大覆盖范围、做到全民覆盖、构建多元化的筹资渠道并促进长期护理保险基金独立性,同时提高筹资水平与经济发展和人口结构的协调性。

Using the entropy method and coupling coordination degree model,this paper calculates the coordination between financing level,population structure and economic development of pilot cities in Shandong Province and Jiangsu Province.The characteristics of the long-term care insurance of each pilot city differ in insured objects,financing sources,financing channels and service forms.The results show that 1)Qingdao is at a good coordination stage while Suzhou is at the intermediate one;2)ranging between 0.6 and 0.7,the coupling coordination of Nantong,Yantai and Weifang is at the primary stage;3)ranging between 0.5 and 0.59 the coupling coordination of Jinan,Jining,Tai'an,Weihai,Linyi and Binzhou is at the reluctant stage;4)ranging between 0.4 and 0.49 the coupling coordination of Zibo,Zaozhuang,Rizhao,Dezhou and Heze is on the verge of imbalance;5)the coupling coordination of Liaocheng is 0.360,which is at the stage of mild imbalance which causes the inconsistency between the financing level,the population structure and economic development.In order to improve the financing level of long-term care insurance and realize the sustainable development of the system,we should promote the provincial overall planning,expand the insurance coverage,achieve universal coverage,build diversified financing channels,and enhance the independence of long-term care insurance fund,so as to improve the coordination between the financing level,economic development and population structure.