从沉郁悲慨到豪放飘逸——王韬前后期诗风转变及成因探析

From Melancholy and Sad to Bold and Elegant:Analysis on the Transformation of Poetic Style in Wang Tao’s Early and Late Periods and Its Reasons

1862年,怀才不遇的王韬因上书太平军献谋划进攻上海之策而遭清政府通缉。为避难,1867年王韬经上海远走欧洲。欧洲之行让王韬诗风发生显著变化。根据其诗风变化特征,以1867年为界,我们将王韬诗歌分为前后两期。前期诗风沉郁悲慨,表现为用词哀婉、意象幽凄,意境苦愁。后期诗风豪放飘逸,表现为用词明快、意象清朗、意境雄阔。王韬前后期诗歌风格转变,原因有三,一是异域文明的启迪,二是早期维新思想的洗礼,三是王韬豪迈性格与开放胸襟。本研究旨在透过王韬前后期诗歌风格转变,展示王韬性格的复杂性、近代早期文人的心灵史以及近代诗歌“通”与“变”的思考。

In 1862,Wang Tao was wanted by the Qing government for submitting a written statement to the Taiping Army to offer a plan to attack Shanghai.In 1867,Wang Tao left for Europe via Shanghai to seek shelter.His trip to Europe changed his poetic style significantly.According to the changing characteristics of his poetic style,this research takes the year of 1867 as time boundary to divide Wang Tao’s poetry into early and late periods.The early poetry style is melancholy and sad,which is manifested by sad words,desolate images and bitter artistic conception.Late poetry style is bold and elegant,which is characterized by bright words,clear images and magnificent artistic conception.There are three reasons for the transformation of Wang Tao’s poetic style:firstly,the enlightenment of foreign civilization;secondly,the baptism of early reform thought;thirdly,Wang Tao’s heroic character and open mind.This research aims to demonstrate the complexity of Wang Tao’s character,the spiritual history of early modern literati,and the thinking of“inheritance”and“innovation”in modern poetry through analysis of the transformation of Wang Tao’s poetic style.