足迹家族视角下江苏省资源环境压力评估研究

Assessment of Resource and Environment Pressure in Jiangsu Province from the Perspective of Footprint Family

基于足迹家族中生态足迹、碳足迹和水足迹理论,构建了由生态压力、水资源压力和碳排放压力组成的资源环境压力评价指标体系,评估江苏省2013—2020年资源与环境压力的时间变化特征。结果表明:①从生态环境角度来看,江苏省2013—2020年的生态足迹逐年增大,主要构成为化石能源用地和耕地;生态承载力小于生态足迹,生态环境处于超载状态。②从水资源环境角度来看,江苏省的水足迹在2013—2020年呈先增后降的态势。水资源压力指数除2015年、2016年和2020年外均大于1;水资源承载力略小于水足迹,江苏省的水资源基本上能自足,但仍存在一定风险。③从碳排放角度来看,2013—2020年江苏省碳足迹呈不断递增的态势,碳排放指数远大于1且超过了50,碳足迹水平远远超过了碳承载力,碳排放赤字严重。④从资源环境压力角度来看,2013—2020年江苏省资源环境压力指数亦呈不断上升的趋势,且数值大于1。研究区资源与环境承载力不足以支撑生态资源、水资源和碳排放产生的足迹。江苏省资源环境压力较大,需从提高土地综合利用效率、水资源保护、能源结构调整等方面着手改善。

Based on the ecological footprint,carbon footprint and water footprint theories in the footprint family,a resource and environmental pressure evaluation index system composed of ecological pressure,water resource pressure and carbon emission pressure is constructed to evaluate the temporal variation characteristics of resource and environmental pressure in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2020.The results show that:①From the perspective of ecological environment,the ecological footprint of Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2020 increased year by year,mainly composed of fossil energy land and cultivated land;the ecological carrying capacity was smaller than the ecological footprint,and the ecological environment was in an overloaded state.②From the perspective of water resources environment,the water footprint of Jiangsu Province showed a trend of first increase and then decrease from 2013 to 2020.The water stress index was greater than 1 except in 2015,2016 and 2020;the water resources carrying capacity is slightly smaller than the water footprint,and the water resources of Jiangsu Province are basically self-sufficient,but there are still certain risks.③From the perspective of carbon emissions,from 2013 to 2020,the carbon footprint of Jiangsu Province has been increasing continuously.The carbon emission index was far greater than 1 and exceeded 50.The carbon footprint level far exceeds the carbon carrying capacity,and the carbon emissions deficit is serious.④From the perspective of resource and environmental pressure,the resource and environmental pressure index of Jiangsu Province also showed a rising trend from 2013 to 2020,and the value was greater than 1.The resource and environmental carrying capacity of the study area is insufficient to support the footprint of ecological resources,water resources and carbon emissions.Jiangsu Province is under great pressure on resources and environment,and needs to be improved from the aspects of improving comprehensive land utilization efficiency,water resources protection,and adjusting the energy structure.