高管团队特征对企业战略变革的影响机制研究——基于环境动态性视角

Research on Influence Mechanism of Top Management Team Characteristics on Enterprise Strategic Change

本文基于高阶理论以2015—2020年中国沪深两市A股上市公司为研究对象,分析高管团队同质性、异质性特征对企业战略变革的影响机制以及环境动态性的调节作用。研究结果表明:在同质性特征方面表现为平均年龄较小、任期较短和教育专业化程度高的高管团队更容易进行战略变革;在异质性特征方面表现为年龄、任期、职能背景差异较大但教育水平差异较小的团队更可能采取战略变革的决策;环境动态性在高管团队同质性、异质性特征与企业战略变革之间具有调节作用。基于此,研究提出:企业应科学组建管理团队,引入多样化的管理人才,推动企业战略变革的发生;同时企业应密切关注外部环境的变化,及时进行战略决策以适应环境的变化。

Based on the upper echelon theory,this paper takes A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2015 to 2020 as the research objects,and analyzes the influence mechanism of homogeneity and heterogeneity of top management team on enterprise strategic change and the moderating effect of environmental dynamics.The results show that in the aspect of homogeneity,top management teams with younger average age,shorter tenure and higher professional education are more likely to make strategic changes;in the aspect of heterogeneity,teams with great differences in age,tenure and functional background but small differences in educational level are more likely to take the decisions of strategic change;environmental dynamics plays a moderating role between the homogeneity and heterogeneity of top management team and enterprise strategic change.Based on this,it is suggested that enterprises should scientifically set up management teams,introduce diversified management talents,and promote the strategic change of enterprises;at the same time,enterprises should pay close attention to the changes of the external environment and make strategic decisions in time to adapt to the changes of environment.