生命的意义与学校教育的意义关怀

Meaning of Life and Meaning Care of School Education

生命意义指的是作为主体的人对自身生命历程的体验、理解和自我确证。生命意义问题发端于生命的对象化,追寻生命的意义是人的本性,生命意义感的缺失是“空心病”的主要根源。人的需要是理解生命的钥匙,需要按照其与个体主体性的关系可以分为本真需要和异己需要,本真需要的满足是其生命意义感的主要来源。青少年在学校生活中更多的是被学业竞争等异己需要掌控,其自主、关系、胜任等本真需要被边缘化,生命的无限可能被窄化。青少年“空心病”的本质是需要的异己化和生命的窄化。意义关怀指的是关心、承认人的生命意义需要并帮助人获得积极的生命意义体验。学校教育应该重视对学生的意义关怀,学校尤其是公立学校应该以学生和民族的未来长远发展为要务,摆脱应试教育博弈的羁绊,关心和促成学生的自主、关系、胜任等需要的满足,帮助学生获得充盈的生命意义体验,促进其身心的健康成长。

Meaning of life refers to people’s experience,understanding and self-confirmation of their own life course.The problem of meaning of life originates from the objectification of life.It is human nature to pursue the meaning of life,and the loss of sense of meaning of life is the main source of“hollow disease”.Human needs are the key to understanding life,and can be divided into genuine needs and alien needs according to their relationship with individual subjectivity.The satisfaction of genuine needs is the main source of their sense of life meaning.In school life,teenagers are more controlled by external needs such as academic competition.Their real needs such as autonomy,relationship and competence are marginalized,and the infinite possibilities of life are narrowed.The essence of youth“hollow disease”is the differentiation of needs and the narrowing of life.Meaning care refers to caring for,acknowledging people’s life meaning needs and helping people get positive life meaning experience.School education should pay more attention to the significance of caring for students,schools should especially public schools to students and national future long-term development as the priority,and get rid of the fetter exam-oriented education game,care for and contribute to students’individual,relationship and do need to meet,to help students gain experience,full of life significance to promote the healthy growth of the body and mind.