中国不同省(市、自治区)糯高粱籽粒酚类物质含量差异分析

Content diversity of phenolic compounds of waxy sorghum grains in different provinces,cities,and autonomous regions of China

为全面评估我国高粱主产区糯性高粱籽粒中酚类化合物含量、籽粒颜色与来源地之间的关系,本研究利用福林酚法、NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH法、GB/T15686法和香草醛盐酸法分别对来自我国15个省(市、自治区)的92份糯性高粱籽粒中的多酚、黄酮、单宁和缩合单宁进行含量测定。结果表明,不同糯高粱籽粒中多酚、黄酮、单宁和缩合单宁含量存在显著差异,变异系数范围为44.68%(单宁)~79.37%(缩合单宁),平均值分别为1.25%、1.61%、1.41%和0.50%。4种酚类物质的含量与粒色的深浅一致,均为:橙黄色>黄色>褐色>红色>白色。不同省(市、自治区)的糯高粱籽粒中的4种酚类物质含量差异显著(P<0.05),其中广西、贵州、江西和四川等南部和西南部省(自治区)糯高粱籽粒中多酚、黄酮、单宁及缩合单宁含量较高,辽宁、内蒙古、北京、山东等东北部省(市、自治区)糯高粱籽粒中的4种酚类物质含量较低。主成分分析前3个主成分累计贡献率达91.60%,其中广西品种糯高粱(00013082)综合性状表现优良。我国糯高粱核心种质中酚类物质含量较为丰富且具有明显的地域差异。

To comprehensively evaluate the relationship between the contents of phenolic compounds in waxy sorghum grains,the color of grains,and the source of origin in the main sorghum producing areas in China,in this study,the contents of polyphenols,flavonoids,tannin and condensed tannin in 92 waxy sorghum varieties from 15 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method,NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH method,GB/T 15686 method,and vanillin-hydrochloric acid method.The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of polyphenols,flavonoids,tannin,and condensed tannin in different waxy sorghum varieties.The coefficient of variation ranged from 44.68%(tannin)to 79.37%(condensed tannin)and the average values were 1.25%,1.61%,1.41%,and 0.50%,respectively.The contents of the four phenols were consistent with the intensity of the grain color(orange-yellow>yellow>brown>red>white).There were significant differences in the contents of four phenols in waxy sorghum grains from different provinces at P<0.05.Among them,the contents of four phenols in waxy sorghum grains in Guangxi,Guizhou,Jiangxi,and Sichuan located in southern and southwestern China were high,and the four phenols in the waxy sorghum varieties from the four areas of Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,Beijing,and Shandong located in northeastern China were low.The cumulative variance contribution of the first 3 principal components of principal component analysis reached 91.60%,among which Guangxi waxy sorghum(00013082)performed well in comprehensive traits.The contents of phenolic compounds in the core collection of waxy sorghum in China were relatively rich and there were obvious regional differences.