松材线虫病疫区红松林鞘翅目昆虫种类及松六齿小蠹扬飞规律

Coleoptera Species in Pinus koraiensis Forests of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Disease-affected Area and Flying Regularity of Ips acuminatus

为掌握红松林间可能传播松材线虫的媒介昆虫种类和数量,判断其潜在威胁,利用4种聚集信息素在红松林间诱集多种鞘翅目昆虫,并对数量较多的松六齿小蠹扬飞规律进行监测。结果表明:4种聚集信息素共诱到18种成虫,主要是小蠹科、郭公虫科和天牛科昆虫。聚集信息素在白天对松六齿小蠹的诱捕量显著大于夜间的诱捕量,白天的诱捕量随时间变化呈现先增大后减少的趋势;雌雄比在白天也是先增加后减少,夜间雌雄比最低。松六齿小蠹成虫从5月初开始活动,至10月14日结束;在整个活动期有两个明显的高峰期,从6月18—7月4日为第1次活动高峰期,从8月30日—9月30日为第2次活动高峰期。诱捕器悬挂高度为1.5 m对松六齿小蠹成虫的诱捕总量、雌虫量、雄虫量都大于悬挂高度0.1 m的相应诱捕量。掌握红松林间鞘翅目昆虫种类和松六齿小蠹扬飞规律,就能针对不同昆虫的特性制定相应防治措施。

In order to grasp the species and numbers of vector insects that may transmit Bursaphelenchus xylophilusin Pinus koraiensis forests,and to determine their potential threats,four kinds of aggregation pheromone were used to trap a variety of Coleopterain the P.koraiensis forests,and the large number of Ips acuminatus flying regularity is monitored.The 18 species of adults were induced by four kinds of aggregation pheromone,mainly insects of Sclerotidae,Cleridae and Cerambycidae.The amount of I.acuminatus trapped by pheromone in the daytime was significantly greater than that in the night,and the amount of trapped in the daytime showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with time.The ratio of female to male also increased first and then decreased during the day and the sex ratio is the lowest at night.The adult I.acuminatus began to be active in early May and ended on October 14;there were two obvious peaks during the entire active period.The first peak period was from June 18 to July 4,and August 30 to September 30 was the second peak period of activities.The total amount of traps,females,and males of adult I.acuminatus with a hanging height of 1.5 m are greater than the corresponding traps with a hanging height of 0.1 m.By mastering the species of Coleopterain the P.koraiensis forest and the flying rules of I.acuminatus,corresponding control measures can be formulated according to the characteristics of different insects.