森林公园差异化生态补偿价值评估模型的构建

Differential Basis of Payment for Ecosystem Services of Forest Park

在黑龙江省境内的帽儿山森林公园,以小班为核算尺度,根据遥感和气象数据计算出碳汇量及价值量作为生态补偿的依据;以生态完整性与原真性的评估结果为系数,构建森林公园生态补偿核算模型;以帽儿山森林公园为例,对生态补偿核算模型进行实证分析,论证生态补偿依据的合理性。结果表明:帽儿山森林公园的年碳汇量达到1.20×10;t,价值量总计1.45亿元,生态补偿总额为0.60亿元。帽儿山森林公园的生态完整性与原真性平均水平较低。建议自然保护地中的非严格保护部分,仍然需要生态完整性与原真性的建设;对核心保护区、游客区、居民聚居地进行合理规划,减少人类活动干扰强度。生态补偿的额度应坚持差异化补偿的原则,注重突出不同类型保护地的主要生态功能作为差异化的依据,推动市场化补偿参与,有效建立综合多元化补偿体系。

In the Maoer Mountain Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province,sub-compartments were used as the accounting scale,carbon sinks and values were calculated with remote sensing and meteorological data as the basis for ecological compensation.A PES accounting model was constructed for forest parks using the assessment results of ecological integrity and originality as coefficients.Taking Maoer Mountain Forest Park as an example,we made an empirical analysis of the PES accounting model,and demonstrates the rationality of the PES basis.The annual carbon sink of Maoer Mountain Forest Park reached 120×10~5t,the total value was 145 million yuan,and the total PES was 60 million Yuan.The average level of ecological integrity and authenticity of Maoer Mountain Forest Park is low.The construction of ecological integrity and authenticity is still needed in the non-strict protection part of natural protected areas,and reasonable planning of core protected areas,then reduce the intensity of human activity interference.The amount of PES should adhere to the principle of differentiated compensation,focus on highlighting the main ecological functions of different types of protected areas as the basis for differentiation,promote market-oriented payment participation,and effectively establish a comprehensive diversified compensation system.