体检中心疑似职业性噪声聋100例的听力损失状况及影响因素分析

Hearing loss status and influencing factors in 100 cases with suspected occupational noise deafness in the physical examination center

目的研究体检中心疑似职业性噪声聋听力损失状况及影响因素,为临床诊断和治疗提供指导。方法回顾性分析2018年1月到2020年1月间我院体检中心100例疑似职业性噪声聋人员在岗期间相关职业健康检查资料,并采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析法分析其听力损失状况及其影响因素。结果2018年1月到2020年1月间噪声环境工作人员职业健康检查共计2035名,其中男性1061名,女性974名,共检出双耳高频平均听阈损失≥40 db 100例,总异常率为4.91%。噪声环境工作人员职业健康检查人数呈现逐年增长的趋势,检出双耳高频平均听阈异常人数也呈现逐年增长的趋势。Logistic回归分析结果显示疑似职业性噪声聋听力损失状况与性别、年龄、噪声接触工龄、企业经济类型以及行业类别均有关,其是导致疑似职业性噪声聋听力损失状况的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论体检中心疑似职业性噪声危害形势不容乐观,其发病受年龄、性别、噪声接触工龄、行业类别、企业经济类型影响,未来职业卫生工作应当控制劳动者年龄,加强男性劳动者职业健康教育等,关注劳动者职业噪声危害。

Objective To study the hearing loss status and influencing factors in 100 cases with suspected occupational noise deafness in the physical examination center and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis of the relevant occupational health examination data of 100 suspected occupational noise-deaf persons in the medical examination center of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 was implemented,and single-factor analysis and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the status of hearing loss and its influencing factors.Results From January 2018 to January 2020,there were a total of 2035 occupational health examinations for workers in noise environment,including 1061 males and 974 females.A total of 100 cases with binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold loss≥40 db were detected,and the total abnormality rate was 4.91%.The number of workers undergoing occupational health examinations in noisy environments had shown an increasing trend year by year,and the number of detected abnormalities in binaural high-frequency average hearing thresholds had also shown an increasing trend year by year.Logistic regression analysis showed that the condition of suspected occupational noise deafness and hearing loss was related to gender,age,working years of noise exposure,business economic type,and industry category,it is an independent risk factor leading to suspected occupational noise deafness and hearing loss(P<0.05).Conclusion The situation of suspected occupational noise hazards in the medical examination center is not optimistic,its incidence is affected by age,gender,noise exposure length of service,industry category and enterprise economic type.In the future,occupational health work should control the age of workers,strengthen occupational health education for male workers,etc.,and pay attention to the occupational noise hazards of workers.