小微企业参与乡村振兴的实践与困境

Practice and Dilemma of Small-enterprises and Micro-enterprises in Participating in Rural Revitalization

通过对西南地区S省W村的微观案例进行分析,讨论小微企业参与乡村振兴过程中面临的现实困境及其原因,提出未来可能的路径。研究发现,在实践过程中,小微企业与乡村内部各主体间的行动逻辑、具体目标并不完全一致,面临着权力分配困境、商业逻辑与乡土社会的融合困境以及目标冲突困境。究其原因,当强势资本遭遇强势乡村时,村庄原有的利益结构被打破,而未能建构起新的“资本-乡村”利益联结机制。因此,需明确小微企业在乡村振兴中的地位和定位,充分发挥农村基层党组织领导作用,使各方成为互嵌的融合体。此外,还应引导资本、农户和村集体深度融合产业链要素,促进“资本-乡村”新利益结构的形成,建立稳定的利益联结机制。

This article explores the causes and realistic predicaments of small-enterprises and micro-enterprises in involving rural vitalization through a case study on W village in S Province in southwest China.Based on the analysis,recommendations are proposed for solving these problems.We argue that the logic of action and specific goals between small-enterprises and micro-enterprises and various stakeholders are not fully the same,facing many difficulties including unequal distribution of power,the contradiction of commercial logic and rural society,and the goal clash between village cadres and entrepreneurs,etc.The main reason is that the strong capital colliding with strong villages has broken the original interest structure of village while failing to establish a stable interest linkage mechanism and form a new interest structure of“capital-villages”.To solve this problem,we should define the position of small-enterprises and micro-businesses in rural revitalization,leverage the leadership of primary-level Party organizations and construct the fusion body that all stakeholders can embed in each other.During this process,it is necessary to improve the interest linkage mechanism through closer connection,resulting in the capital,peasant household,and rural collective could fit into the industrial chain.