农村闲置劳动力家政服务转换及其从业稳定性研究

The Conversion of Rural Idle Laborers’Housekeeping Service and Its Employment Stability

从演化博弈论的视角对影响家政企业、家庭雇主和家政工行动策略的关键要素及共同演化机制进行研究,探索发展员工制家政企业可以带动农村闲置劳动力就业、消费需求和实现家政行业正规化的路径。通过系统仿真分析,研究发现:员工制家政企业通过奖惩设置来调节家政工与家庭雇主不同策略的效用,可有效促进三方共同演化路径向标志行业正规化稳定点收敛。各方理想策略初始占比、收益差、成本差与奖惩是影响共同演化博弈的关键要素,不同要素对系统收敛至稳定点的影响不同。市场化是家政行业发展的总体趋势,只有提升家政工的职业技能和素养并为其提供就业保障,才能从根本上解决农村妇女的就业问题。为杜绝相关补贴政策落实中的机会主义行为,需建立长效评估和监管机制,并以消费券补贴家庭雇主。

This paper examines the factors and co-evolutionary mechanisms of the strategies of housekeeping service enterprises,clients and housekeeping workers from the perspective of evolutionary game theory.More importantly,it explores how employee-system housereeping enterpriese improve the employment rate and consumption demand of rural idle laborers,and promote the formalization of the housekeeping industry.By conducting system simulation analysis,it found that employee-system housekeeping enterprises can effectively promote the convergence of the three-party co-evolutionary path to the stable point of sign industry formalization by regulating the benefits of different strategies of housekeeping workers and clients through reward and punishment settings.The initial proportion of ideal strategies,benefit difference,cost difference and rewards and penalties of each party are the key factors affecting the co-evolutionary game.Factors have different effects on the convergence to the stable point of the system.Marketization is the general trend of the development of the housekeeping industry,and only the improvement of professional skills,literacy,employment security and continuous empowerment is the key to solving the employment problem of rural women fundamentally.In order to eliminate opportunistic behavior in the implementatlon of relevant subsidy policies,it is necessary to establish a long-term evaluation and supervision system for the housekeeping enterprise,and subsidize clients with consumption vouchers.