锈色粒肩天牛幼虫营养成分分析

Nutrient Composition Analysis of Apriona swainsoni(Hope)(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)

锈色粒肩天牛是我国重要林业检疫性害虫,对国槐具有极强的破坏性。但寄生于豆科植物云实树干的锈色粒肩天牛幼虫,俗称“斗米虫”,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值,在民间常被食服用于治疗小孩疳积和肝硬化等疾病。本研究对锈色粒肩天牛幼虫常规营养物质和矿物质组成进行检测,对幼虫非靶向脂质组学、脂质组学和相对蛋白定量进行测试分析。研究发现锈色粒肩天牛幼虫含有较高含量的脂肪(24.4 g/100g)、蛋白质(15.6 g/100g)、钾(223 mg/100g)、镁(76.9 mg/100g)和钙(18.7 mg/100g),且具有丰富的代谢物质,如咪唑嘧啶、碳水化合物、有机氧化合物等。幼虫还含有甘油脂类、甘油磷脂类、鞘脂类、固醇脂类、糖脂类、孕烯醇酮脂类等6类脂质,其中,甘油磷脂类脂质含有的种类最多。幼虫含有气味的受体2、铁传递蛋白、肌动蛋白、芳基卟啉样六聚贮存蛋白2、铁蛋白、组织蛋白酶D等6种蛋白,其中肌动蛋白含量最高。本研究首次对锈色粒肩天牛幼虫营养成分进行分析,以期为安全食用与药用锈色粒肩天牛幼虫提供科学依据。

Apriona swainsoni(Hope)(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)is an important forestry quarantine pest in China,which is a very destructive pest of Sophora japonica L..Apriona swainsoni larvae feeding on the trunks of Caesalpinia decapetala(Roth)Alston has high nutritional and medicinal value,which are often eaten to treat diseases such as children's malnutrition and liver cirrhosis.In this paper,the conventional nutrient and mineral composition of A.swainsoni larvae were detected,and the larvae were also analyzed by non-targeted lipidomics,lipidomics and relative protein quantification.The results showed that A.swainsoni larvae contained higher levels of fat(24.4 g/100g),protein(15.6 g/100g),potassium(223 mg/100g),magnesium 76.9 mg/100g)and calcium(18.7 mg/100g).Apriona swainsoni larvae were rich in metabolites,including,imidazopyrimidines,carbohydrates,organic oxygen compounds,etc.The larvae of A.swainsoni contained 6 types of lipids:glycerolipids,glycerophospholipids,sphingolipids,sterol lipids,glycolipids,and pregnenolone lipids.Among them,glycerophospholipid lipids contained the most types of substances.The larvae of A.swainsoni contained odorant receptor 2,transferrin,actin,arylporphyrin-like hexameric storage protein 2,ferritin,cathepsin D and other 6 kinds of proteins,of which actin had the highest content.This paper firstly analyzed the nutrient composition analysis of A.swainsoni larvae,and the results could provide scientific basis for safe edible and medicinal use of A.swainsoni.