低蛋白氨基酸平衡饲粮对清远麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标的影响

Effects of Low Protein Amino Acid Balanced Diet on Growth Performance,Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Blood Indices of Qingyuan Broilers

试验通过研究低蛋白氨基酸平衡饲粮对清远麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标的影响,旨在评估低蛋白氨基酸平衡饲粮在清远麻鸡中的应用效果。选用90日龄的清远麻鸡1号320羽,随机分为2个组,每组4个重复,每重复40羽,地面平养。对照组饲喂14%粗蛋白质(CP)饲粮,低蛋白组饲喂12.5%CP并且真可利用赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸平衡饲粮。试验期为90~150日龄。结果表明:低蛋白氨基酸平衡饲粮对90~150日龄清远麻鸡体增重和平均日增重及150日龄清远麻鸡免疫器官指数无显著影响;低蛋白组清远麻鸡胸肌剪切力高于对照组(P<0.05);低蛋白组清远麻鸡胸肌肌内脂肪低于对照组(P<0.05);低蛋白组清远麻鸡排出粪氮含量低于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮CP降低1.5%并平衡真可利用赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸4种必需氨基酸,不影响90~150日龄清远麻鸡增重性能和免疫机能,并可显著降低其胸肌嫩度和肌内脂肪含量以及粪氮含量排放。

To evaluate the effects of low protein amino acid balanced diet on Qingyuan broilers, the productive performance,slaughter characteristic, meat quality and blood variables were examined. A total of 320 Qingyuan broiler 1# aged 90 d were randomly allotted to two groups, each with four replicates of forty birds. The birds were reared on the floor in an open house and fed the control diet containing 14% CP or the low protein diet containing 12.5% CP with the same concentrations of true available Lys, Met, Thr and Trp. The experiment lasted from birds aged 90 to 150 d. The results showed that low protein amino acid balanced diet did not affect body weight gain and average daily body weight gain of Qingyuan broilers aged from 90 to 150 d or the immune organ index of birds aged 150 d(P>0.05). Birds fed low protein amino acid balanced diet had the higher shear force value than that of birds fed control diet(P<0.05). Birds fed low protein amino acid balanced diet had the lower intramuscular fat content in pectoral muscle than that of birds fed control diet(P<0.05). Lower fecal nitrogen content was excreted in birds fed low protein amino acid balanced diet than those fed control diet(P<0.05). In conclusion, on the basis of balanced Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp in the diet, reducing 1.5% CP did not affect body weight gain and immune function of Qingyuan broilers aged 150 d, but decreased the tenderness of breast muscle, intramuscular fat content and fecal nitrogen emission.