不同来源油脂对蛋鸡生产性能和脂质代谢的影响

Effects of Different Oil Sources on Performance and Lipid Metabolism in Laying Hens

试验旨在研究不同来源油脂对蛋鸡生产性能和脂质代谢的影响。选取324只520日龄京粉I号商品蛋鸡按照产蛋率基本一致的要求,将试验鸡均分为3组,每组6个重复,每重复18只,分别饲喂含2%猪油、棕榈油、大豆油的日粮。预试期15 d,正试为期8周。结果表明:大豆油组平均蛋重高于猪油组和棕榈油组(P<0.05),且日均产蛋量最高、料蛋比最低(P>0.05);大豆油组饲料粗脂肪表观代谢率较棕榈油组提高了15.26%(P<0.05),而与猪油组间差异不显著;大豆油组肝脏总胆固醇和蛋黄甘油三酯含量低于猪油组(P<0.05);与猪油组比,大豆油组降低了蛋黄中豆蔻酸和油酸含量(P<0.05),而提高了亚麻酸含量(P<0.05);与棕榈油组比,大豆油组降低了豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和油酸含量,而提高了亚油酸和亚麻酸含量(P<0.05)。由上可见,与添加2%猪油和棕榈油比,在产蛋鸡后期饲用2%大豆油能使蛋鸡获得最高的产蛋性能,并具有改善鸡蛋脂肪酸沉积的效果。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different oil sources on performance and lipid metabolism in laying hens. A total of 324 520-day-old Jingfen No.1 commercial laying hens were divided into 3 groups, with 6 replicates each, based on the similar egg-production rate after a 15-day preliminary feeding. Three groups were fed with diets containing 2% lard or palm oil or soybean oil, respectively. After 8-week formal trials, the results showed that average egg weight of soybean oil group was significantly higher than that of lard group and palm oil group(P<0.05), and average egg production was the highest and feed-to-egg ratio was the lowest(P>0.05). Compared with palm oil group, the apparent metabolic rate of dietary ether extract in soybean oil group was increased by 15.26%(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between soybean oil group and lard group(P>0.05). Compared with lard group, liver total cholesterol and egg yolk triglyceride level were decreased(P<0.05) in soybean oil group, the contents of cardamic acid and oleic acid were also decreased, while the contents of linolenic acid and linolenic acid(P<0.05) were increased in egg yolk. Meanwhile, compared with palm oil group,soybean oil group decreased the contents of myristic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, while increased the contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in egg yolk(P<0.05). These results suggest that dietary soybean oil can get the highest laying performance, and improve fatty acid deposition in laying hens, compared with lard and palm oil.