国内外主要粟类作物的种植、研究及产业化概况

An Overview of Planting,Research and Industrialization of International Millet Crops

粟类作物是一类籽粒小、抗旱、耐贫瘠的一年生作物的统称,多种植和消费在亚洲和非洲的发展中国家,我国栽培面积比较大的是谷子和糜子。与种植和消费情况不同,亚洲、欧洲和美洲相对发达国家的政府更重视粟类作物的科学研究及其科研投入。我国国家自然科学基金资助发表的粟类研究论文居世界之首,欧洲委员会、英国研究与创新署、美国国家科学基金会资助的粟类研究论文数量排名紧跟其后。梳理了近5年发表的粟类科研论文,印度最多,其次是我国和美国。基于粟类作物富含膳食纤维、蛋白质、矿物质、多酚等,其具有多方面的健康功效,因此粟类的食品科学技术和植物科学成为最热的研究领域。最后阐述了国内外传统的和工业化的粟类产品情况。

Millet crops are a general term of a class of annual crops with small grains,drought resistance,and barren resistance.Millets are mostly planted and consumed in developing countries in Asia and Africa.Foxtail millet and prosomillet are the most cultivated varieties in China.Governments of relatively developed countries in Asia,Europe and America pay more attention to scientific research and investment of millet crops rather than planting and consuming situation of that.The number of published papers on millet research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ranks first in the world,followed by that funded by European Commission,the UK Research and Innovation Agency,and the US National Science Foundation.However,in the last five years,India published the most of research papers,followed by China and the United States.Millets have many health benefits due to their richness in dietary fibers,proteins,minerals polyphenols,et al.,so food science and technology and plant science have been becoming the hottest research areas on millet.Finally,we described some traditional and industrial millet products.