兔VX2肝癌移植瘤模型的建立及其影像学评估

Establishment of rabbit VX2 liver cancer model and its imaging features

目的 建立兔VX2肝癌移植瘤模型,运用增强CT扫描及血管造影的方法评估肿瘤的影像学表现,以评价CT及血管造影在VX2肝癌移植瘤诊断中的价值。方法 采用直视下开腹种植的方法建立新西兰大白兔VX2肝癌移植瘤模型40只,分别在造模术后第7天、第14天做增强CT扫描评估肿瘤的生长情况;第15天行血管造影,评估肿瘤血供情况;造影结束后处死实验兔,观察其大体标本情况及显微镜下表现。结果 40只新西兰大白兔均成功建立VX2肝癌移植瘤模型,造模两周后肝内清晰的可见肿瘤显示,CT平扫时肝内可见低密度病灶,增强扫描时动脉期病灶边缘明显的强化,门静脉期及静脉期强化程度减退;血管造影时表现为肝动脉及其分支迂曲、增粗,肿瘤染色征象明显,肿瘤与供血动脉呈现“抱球征”;HE染色后肿瘤表现为巢状分布或弥漫分布的核异型性明显的肿瘤细胞。结论 开腹手术种植肿瘤组织块法是一种较为完善的建模方法,成瘤率较高;兔VX2肝癌移植瘤模型是一种富血供肿瘤,主要由肝动脉供血;动态增强CT扫描能够实时的监测肿瘤的生长情况,在术前、术后评价方面具有重要价值,但血管造影在显示肿瘤的供血动脉等方面仍具有优势,且血管造影同时能兼顾治疗的作用。

Objective To establish a rabbit model of VX2 liver cancer and evaluate the imaging features of the tumor by using enhanced CT and digital subtraction angiography(DSA),so as to evaluate the value of CT and angiography in the diagnosis of VX2 liver cancer.Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits with VX2 liver cancer were implanted by open surgery under direct vision.The tumor growth was evaluated by enhanced CT scan on the 7th and 14th day after the operation.DSA was performed on the 15th day to evaluate the blood supply of the tumor;The rabbits were sacrificed after the angiography,and the gross and microscopic appearance were observed.Results All the 40 New Zealand white rabbits successfully established VX2 liver cancer models.Two weeks after the operation,the tumors could be clearly seen in the liver with CT.Low density lesions could be seen in the liver on plain CT scan,and the edge of the lesions was obviously enhanced on enhanced CT scan in arterial phase,and the enhancement degree decreased in portal venous phase and venous phase;On the DSA,the hepatic artery and its branches were tortuous and thickened,and the tumor staining was obvious,and the tumor and feeding artery presented“ball holding sign”.After HE staining,the tumor showed nestlike or diffuse distribution of tumor cells with obvious nuclear atypia.Conclusion The method of planting tumor tissue of open surgery is a perfect modeling method with high tumor formation rate.Rabbit VX2 hepatoma is a kind of tumor with rich blood supply,which is mainly supplied by hepatic artery.Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scan can monitor the growth of tumor in real time,which has important value in preoperative and postoperative evaluation.However,DSA has advantages in displaying the blood supply artery of tumor,and DSA can also take into account the role of treatment.