摘要
建立适合国情的系统高效的关键新材料创新突破模式,是支撑国家智能制造有序发展的重要条件。本文综合应用技术创新系统和科学-技术-商业化理论,从创新突破主体、重点领域、着力点和举措四个方面构建分析框架,归纳美国和日本智能制造关键新材料创新突破模式,对比分析两国模式异同及其差异背后的原因。研究表明:美国采用政府引导-双轮驱动-多主体协同模式,日本采用政府主导-企业助推-科研院所配合模式。两国模式均呈现服务国家战略、加强顶层设计、注重知识管理、构建创新生态的特征,但在角色定位、重点领域、着力点、举措方面各有侧重,主要原因在于两国的历史文化、国际地位和资源禀赋存在差异。本文借鉴美国和日本的实践经验模式,结合中国情境,提出优化中国智能制造关键新材料创新突破模式的建议。
Building an element-complete and operation-efficient innovative development model of advanced materials applicable to national conditions is a pivotal prerequisite for orderly development of intelligent manufacturing.Based on the theory of technological innovation system and science-technology-bussiness,this study constructs a framework from four dimensions of actors,focus areas,exertion-points of innovation chain and innovative measures to analyze innovative development model of advanced materials for intelligent manufacturing in the US and Japan.Then it argues the similarities and differences with causes analysis of the two models.The research indicates that the US adopts the government-guiding,two-wheel-driving and multi-agent-collaborating model,and Japan adopts the government-leading,enterprise-promoting and scientific research institution-supporting model.Both models appear the characteristics of serving national strategies,strengthening top-level design,focusing on knowledge management,and establishing innovative ecology.However,there are differences in aspects of role positioning,focus areas,exertion-points of innovation chain and innovative measures,mainly due to the different historical culture,international status and resource endowment between two countries.Finally,drawing on the practices of the US and Japan combined with China s situation,this paper proposes the implications to optimize the innovative development model of advanced materials for intelligent manufacturing in China.
作者
李双美
王昶
耿红军
Li Shuangmei;Wang Chang;Geng Hongjun(School of Bussiness,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第7期178-188,共11页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“智能制造关键新材料创新突破的国家战略研究”(18ZDA061)
国家自然科学基金重大项目“新时代战略性关键矿产资源供给安全与管理政策研究”(71991482)
中南大学高端智库项目“智能制造关键核心技术创新突破的战略与政策研究”(2020znzk01)
深圳市哲学社会科学规划课题(SZ2020B013)。
关键词
智能制造
关键新材料
创新突破模式
启示
Intelligent manufacturing
Advanced material
Innovative development model
Implication